| 单词 | 核糖 |
| 释义 | DEFINITIVE EXAMPLES 权威例句〔DNase〕An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of DNA.脱氧核糖核酸酶：一种催化DNA水解的酶美国传统〔GTP〕A nucleotide composed of guanine, ribose, and three phosphate groups and necessary for the synthesis of RNA.三磷酸鸟苷：由鸟嘌呤、核酸和三组磷酸盐组成的核苷核酸，为合成核糖核酸的必备成分美国传统〔MYSTERIOUS〕In 1953 the intricate puzzle of DNA's structure was solved in a Cambridge laboratory. 1953年，复杂的脱氧核糖核酸结构之谜在剑桥大学的一个实验室里被揭开了。朗文写作活用〔Pulmozyme〕A trademark used for the drug dornase alfa.百慕时：α脱氧核糖核酸酶药剂的商标美国传统〔RNA polymerase〕A polymerase that catalyzes the synthesis of RNA from a DNA or RNA template.核糖核酸聚合酶：一种聚合酶，对核糖核酸从氧核糖酸或核糖核酸膜板合成起催化作用美国传统〔RNA virus〕An RNA-containing virus; retrovirus.核糖核酸病毒：一种含核糖核酸的病毒；反转录病毒美国传统〔Rous sarcoma〕A sarcoma produced in chickens by an RNA-containing virus.鲁斯氏肉瘤：产生于小鸡体内的由含核糖核酸的病毒引起的肉瘤美国传统〔SHOW〕According to the prosecution, DNA tests ‘irrefutably’ implicate Henson. 根据控方所说，脱氧核糖核酸检测“无可辩驳”地表明亨森与事件有关。朗文写作活用〔adenovirus〕Any of a group of DNA-containing viruses that cause conjunctivitis and upper respiratory tract infections in humans.腺病毒：导致人类结合腺类及上呼吸道感染的一组含有脱氧核糖核酸的病原体美国传统〔base-pairing〕The hydrogen bonding of complementary nitrogenous bases, one purine and one pyrimidine, in DNA and in hybrid molecules joining DNA and RNA.碱基配对：结合两个补充氮基（嘌呤和嘧啶）的氢键，这两个补充氮基存在于脱氧核糖核酸以及连接脱氧核糖核酸与核糖核酸的混合分子中美国传统〔base〕One of the purines (adenine and guanine) or pyrimidines (cystosine, thymine, and uracil) that occurs attached to the sugar component of DNA or RNA.碱基：嘌呤（腺嘌呤和鸟嘌呤）或嘧啶（胸嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶和尿嘧啶）的一种，附着在脱氧核糖核酸或核糖核酸的糖分子上美国传统〔blueprint〕DNA carries the genetic blueprint which tells any organism how to build itself.脱氧核糖核酸带有表明有机体形成方式的遗传型板。牛津高阶〔blueprint〕DNA is the genetic material inside every cell that carries the blueprints for everything from hair color to the risk of cancer.脱氧核糖核酸是存在于每个细胞内的基因物质，它承载从头发颜色到致癌风险等各种遗传型板。柯林斯高阶〔complementary DNA〕Single-stranded DNA synthesized in the laboratory using messenger RNA as a template and the enzyme reverse transcriptase.互辅DNA，互补脱氧核糖核酸：将信使核糖核酸用作模板和反转录酶从而在实验室中合成的单链脱氧核糖核酸美国传统〔compound〕The DNA molecule is compounded from many smaller molecules.脱氧核糖核酸分子是由许多更小的分子组成的。牛津高阶〔cosmid〕A hybrid vector that has been spliced with plasmid DNA for cloning large genes or gene fragments.黏粒，装配型质粒：为合成的遗传媒介，结合克隆大基因或大基因碎片的质粒脱氧核糖核酸载体美国传统〔dATP〕One of the two purine nucleotides that are used to synthesize DNA.脱氧腺苷三磷酸：用来合成脱氧核糖核酸的两个嘌呤核苷酸之一美国传统〔dCTP〕One of the two pyrimidine nucleotides that are used to synthesize DNA.脱氧胞苷三磷酸：用来合成脱氧核糖核酸的两个嘧啶核酸之一美国传统〔dGTP〕One of the two purine nucleotides that are used to synthesize DNA.脱氧胞苷三磷酸：用来合成脱氧核糖核酸的两个嘌呤核苷酸之一美国传统〔dTTP〕One of the two pyrimidine nucleotides that are used to synthesize DNA.脱氧胸腺嘧啶三磷酸：用来合成脱氧核糖核酸的两个嘧啶核苷酸之一美国传统〔deoxyribonucleotide〕A nucleotide containing deoxyribose that is a constituent of DNA.脱氧核苷酸：一种核苷酸，含有构成DNA的成分——脱氧核糖美国传统〔dornase alfa〕A genetically engineered enzyme used to hydrolyze the DNA in bronchial mucus, facilitating its expectoration, in the treatment of cystic fibrosis.链球菌DNA酶：用于在支气管黏液中水解脱氧核糖核酸的遗传工程酶，治疗囊性纤维增生时可促使吐痰美国传统〔duplicate〕DNA in chromosomes duplicates.染色体中的脱氧核糖核酸会重复。英汉大词典〔exonuclease〕Any of a group of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of single nucleotides from the end of a DNA or RNA chain.核酸外切酶：从脱氧核糖核酸链或核糖核酸链的末端催化单核苷酸水解的一种酶美国传统〔genetic screening〕The process of analyzing DNA samples to detect the presence of a gene or genes associated with an inherited disorder.遗传筛检：通过分析脱氧核糖核酸样本来检测与遗传性紊乱关联的基因的过程美国传统〔genomic DNA〕The full complement of DNA contained in the genome of a cell or organism.基因组DNA，基因组脱氧核糖核酸：存在于细胞或生物体中的全部脱氧核糖核酸辅助成分美国传统〔genomics〕The study of all of the nucleotide sequences, including structural genes, regulatory sequences, and noncoding DNA segments, in the chromosomes of an organism.基因组：对所有核苷酸序列的研究，包括生物染色体中的结构基因、调节序列和未编码的脱氧核糖核酸节段美国传统〔genotoxin〕A chemical or other agent that damages cellular DNA, resulting in mutations or cancer.基因毒素：损害细胞脱氧核糖核酸的化学制剂或其它制剂，会引发突变或癌症美国传统〔miscode〕The mutant DNＡ miscoded a single amino acid.突变体脱氧核糖核酸误编了一个氨基酸密码。21世纪英汉〔monosome〕A single ribosome, especially one that is combined with a molecule of messenger RNA.单核糖体：单核糖体，尤指与信使核糖核酸的一个分子相结合的单核糖体美国传统〔muton〕The smallest unit of DNA at which a mutation can occur; a nucleotide.突变子：能够产生巨变的脱氧核糖核酸的最小单位；一个核苷酸美国传统〔natural killer cell〕A killer cell that is activated by double-stranded RNA and fights off viral infections and tumors.自然杀手细胞：由双股核糖核酸激活的，击退传染性疾病和肿瘤的杀手细胞美国传统〔nucleic acid〕DNA and RNA are both nucleic acids.脱氧核糖核酸与核糖核酸均属于核酸。剑桥高阶〔nucleosome〕Any of the repeating subunits of chromatin, consisting of a DNA chain coiled around a core of histones.核小体：染色质反复的从属单位，由盘绕在组蛋白核的脱氧核糖核酸链条构成美国传统〔nucleus〕DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸存在于细胞核中。剑桥高阶〔palindrome〕A segment of double-stranded DNA in which the nucleotide sequence of one strand reads in reverse order to that of the complementary strand.回文结构：含有双股脱氧核糖核酸的一部分，其中的核苷酸系列的一股颠倒顺序来读取即为互补的一股美国传统〔parvo〕A parvovirus.细小病毒，小脱氧核糖核酸病毒美国传统〔pentose〕Any of a class of monosaccharides having five carbon atoms per molecule and including ribose and several other sugars.戊糖：分子中含有五个炭原子的一种单糖，包括核糖及其它几种单糖美国传统〔poly I:C〕A synthetic chemical that resembles the RNA of infectious viruses and is used to stimulate the production of interferon by the immune system.聚肌胞；聚肌鞋酸聚胞苷酸：一种类似于感染性病毒的核糖核酸的合成化学物质，被用来刺激免疫系统产生的干扰素美国传统〔polyadenylic acid〕A polymer of adenylic acid attached to messenger RNA that stabilizes the molecule before transport from the nucleus into the cytoplasm.多聚腺苷酸：一种腺苷酸的聚合物，附在信使核糖核酸上，它能使分子在从细胞核传递到细胞质之前得到稳定美国传统〔polymerase〕Any of various enzymes that catalyze the formation of polynucleotides of DNA or RNA using an existing strand of DNA or RNA as a template.聚合酶：一种催化脱氧核糖核酸或核糖核酸的多聚核苷酸生成的酶，它利用一段既成的脱氧核糖核酸或核糖核酸作为核酸的模子美国传统〔polymer〕Proteins and DNA are natural polymers.蛋白质和脱氧核糖核酸都是天然聚合体。剑桥高阶〔polyribonucleotide〕A polynucleotide consisting of a number of ribonucleotides.多聚核糖核苷酸：一种含许多核糖核苷的多聚核苷酸美国传统〔poxvirus〕Any of a group of DNA-containing viruses, including those that cause smallpox, cowpox, and other poxlike diseases in vertebrates.痘病毒：一组含脱氧核糖核酸的病毒，包括那些在脊椎动物中引起天花、牛痘以及其他类似疾病的病毒美国传统〔promoter〕Genetics A DNA molecule to which RNA polymerase binds, initiating the transcription of messenger RNA.【遗传学】 启动区：和核糖核酸聚合酶相结合的脱氧糖核酸分子，它引起核糖核酸信使的转录美国传统〔pseudogene〕A segment of DNA resembling a gene but lacking a genetic function.假遗传因子：DNA（脱氧核糖核酸）的一部分，类似于遗传因子但没有其遗传功能美国传统〔puff〕Genetics A localized region of swelling in certain chromosomes indicating the active synthesis of DNA and RNA.【遗传学】 染色体的结合部分：某些染色体上表明脱氧核糖核酸和核糖核酸活性成分的局部肿胀美国传统〔pyronine〕Any of a group of red dyes used as a biological stain, especially to detect the presence of RNA.焦宁；二苯氧芑胶染料：用作生物染色剂的一组红色染料中的任一种，尤指用来探测核糖核酸的存在美国传统〔reading frame〕One of the three possible ways in which an mRNA sequence of nucleotides can be read as a series of base triplets to specify the amino acids in a protein chain.阅读码框，读框：核苷酸的信使核糖核酸序列能被读作指定蛋白质链中胺基酸的一串碱基三联体的三种可能方式之一美国传统〔replicase〕An enzyme that promotes the synthesis of a complementary RNA molecule from an RNA template.复制酶：一种促成按某个核糖酸的模板合成一个互补的核糖核酸分子的酶美国传统〔respiratory syncytial virus〕An RNA-containing virus that causes minor respiratory infections in adults and bronchitis and bronchopneumonia in children.呼吸道合胞病毒：含核糖核酸的病毒，能轻度感染成人并引发儿童的支气管炎和支气管肺炎美国传统〔retrotransposon〕A transposon copied from RNA with the use of reverse transcriptase.反转位子：借着使用反转录酶而从核糖核酸复制出来的转位子美国传统〔retrovirus〕Any of a group of viruses, many of which produce tumors, that contain RNA and reverse transcriptase, including the virus that causes AIDS.逆转录酶病毒：一种病毒，大多数会产生含有核糖核酸和逆转录酶的肿瘤，包括引起爱滋病的病毒美国传统〔rhinovirus〕Any of a group of picornaviruses that are causative agents of disorders of the respiratory tract, such as the common cold.鼻病毒：任一种一群小核糖核酸病毒，它们引起呼吸道功能失调，例如普通伤风的致病物美国传统〔ribonucleoprotein〕A nucleoprotein that contains RNA.核糖核酸：一种包含RNA的核糖核蛋白美国传统〔ribonucleoside〕A nucleoside that contains ribose as its sugar component.核糖核苷：一种核苷，包含作为其糖分的核糖美国传统〔ribonucleotide〕A nucleotide that contains ribose as its sugar and is an immediate component of RNA.核糖核酸：一种包含核糖作为其糖分的核苷酸，且是RNA的一种直接成分美国传统〔ribosomal RNA〕The RNA that is a permanent structural part of a ribosome.核糖体RNA：是核糖体的永久结构部分的RNA美国传统〔ribosome〕A minute, round particle composed of RNA and protein found in the cytoplasm of living cells and active in the synthesis of proteins.核糖体：一种微小圆形的由RNA及蛋白质构成的微粒，发现于活细胞的细胞质中，且活跃于蛋白质的合成中美国传统〔ribozyme〕An RNA segment that has the ability to catalyze the cleavage and formation of covalent bonds in RNA strands at specific sites.核糖核酸酶：能够在特定位置催化核糖核酸链中共价键分裂和形成的核糖核酸片段美国传统〔rotavirus〕Any of a group of wheel-shaped, RNA-contained viruses that cause gastroenteritis, especially in infants and newborn animals.轮状病毒：任何一组含核糖核酸的轮状病毒，尤其会导致婴儿或新生畜患胃肠炎美国传统〔secondary structure〕The folded, helical structure of double-stranded DNA.二级结构：双链脱氧核糖核酸折迭且呈螺旋状的结构美国传统〔self-replicating〕DNA is a self-replicating molecule.脱氧核糖核酸是一种自我复制的分子美国传统〔self-replicating〕DNA is a self-replicating molecule.脱氧核糖核酸是一种自我复制的分子。英汉大词典〔short〕It is called deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA for short. 它叫脱氧核糖核酸,或简称DNA。英汉大词典〔sigma factor〕A protein component of RNA polymerase that determines the specific site on DNA where transcription begins.Σ因子：核糖核酸聚合酶的蛋白质成份，决定脱氧核糖核酸转录开始的特定位置美国传统〔soluble RNA〕Transfer RNA.转移核糖核酸美国传统〔spliceosome〕A nucleoprotein particle that aids in the splicing of messenger RNA in eukaryotes.剪接体，剪裁体：协助真核细胞中信使核糖核酸进行拼接的核蛋白质微粒美国传统〔succeed〕Strands of DNA are reproduced through succeeding generations.*DNA （脱氧核糖核酸）链通过后代得到复制。牛津高阶〔template〕Biochemistry A molecule of a nucleic acid, such as DNA, that serves as a pattern or mold for the synthesis of a macromolecule, as of RNA.【生物化学】 模板：用作一个大分子如RNA分析的模板或模型的核糖核酸的基础粒子，如DNA美国传统〔transformation〕Genetics Alteration of a bacterial cell by introduction of DNA from another cell or from a virus.【遗传学】 通过引入一个细胞或一个病毒的DNA（脱氧核糖核酸）而改变另一个细胞或病素美国传统〔translate〕Biology To subject (messenger RNA) to translation.【生物学】 转移：使（核糖核酸信息）被转译美国传统〔translation〕Biology The process by which messenger RNA directs the amino acid sequence of a growing polypeptide during protein synthesis.【生物学】 转录：核糖核酸信号在蛋白质化合中引导一个正在生成的多肽氨基酸序列的过程美国传统〔transposition〕Genetics Transfer of a segment of DNA to a new position on the same or another chromosome, plasmid, or cell.【遗传学】 换位：把脱氧核糖核酸的一个片断转移到同一个或另外的染色体、质体或细胞上的一个新位置上美国传统〔type〕DNA typing 脱氧核糖核酸分类朗文当代〔unique〕Each person's DNA is unique.每个人的脱氧核糖核酸都是不同的。麦克米伦高阶〔virion〕A complete viral particle, consisting of RNA or DNA surrounded by a protein shell and constituting the infective form of a virus.病毒粒子：一整个病毒粒子，由被蛋白质外壳包围的核糖核酸或脱氧核糖核酸组成，并构成一个病毒的传染形式美国传统〔viroid〕An infectious particle, similar to but smaller than a virus, that consists solely of a strand of RNA and is capable of causing disease in plants.类病毒：一种传染性微粒，与病毒相象但比病毒小，由核糖核酸单链构成，能在植物中引起疾病美国传统DNA and RNA are both nucleic acids.脱氧核糖核酸与核糖核酸都是核酸。剑桥国际DNA and RNA are both types of nucleic acid.脱氧核糖核酸与核糖核酸是两种类型的核酸。剑桥国际DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸贮存于细胞的细胞核里。剑桥国际Proteins and DNA are natural polymers.蛋白质和脱氧核糖核酸都是聚合体。剑桥国际Scientists have discovered how to splice pieces of DNA.科学家发现了拼接脱氧核糖核酸的方法。剑桥国际 |
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