| 单词 | organisms |
| 释义 | DEFINITIVE EXAMPLES 权威例句〔ALIVE〕Genetic engineers manipulate living organisms such as cells or bacteria to create products which fight disease. 遗传工程学家利用细胞、细菌等生物有机体制造抗击疾病的产品。朗文写作活用〔DECAY〕Tiny organisms that live in the soil assist the process of decay. 生活在土壤中的微生物加快了腐化过程。朗文写作活用〔SMALL〕Many of these organisms are microscopic in size. 这些生物有机体当中有很多都非常微小。朗文写作活用〔abiogenic〕Not produced by living organisms.自然发生的，无生源说的：并非由生物体产生的美国传统〔abiological〕Not associated with or derived from living organisms.非生物的，非生物学的：与生物体不相关的或不是从生物体衍生的美国传统〔accretion〕A coral reef is built by the accretion of tiny, identical organisms.珊瑚礁是由许多相同的微生物不断堆积而成。柯林斯高阶〔adapt〕The organisms were forced to adapt in order to survive.生物被迫适应，以求生存。牛津高阶〔allopatric〕Occurring in separate, nonoverlapping geographic areas. Often used of populations of related organisms unable to crossbreed because of geographic separation.异域种的：分布在不同地区的，分布区不重叠的，常指由于地理分隔而不能杂交的相关生物的族群美国传统〔amensalism〕A symbiotic relationship between organisms in which one species is harmed or inhibited and the other species is unaffected.片害共栖：有机体之间共生的作用关系，一个物种受另一个物种侵害或抑制，而后者不受前者的影响美国传统〔anatomy〕The science of the shape and structure of organisms and their parts.解剖学：研究有机物及组成部分形状和结构的科学美国传统〔animal kingdom〕A main classification of living organisms that includes all animals.动物界：包括所有动物的有生命生物的主要类别美国传统〔anthozoan〕Any of a class (Anthozoa) of marine organisms, such as the corals and sea anemones, that have radial segments and grow singly or in colonies.珊瑚虫：一种（珊瑚纲）海洋生物，如珊瑚和海葵，有辐射状体节，单独或在群落中生长美国传统〔antibiosis〕An association between two or more organisms that is detrimental to at least one of them.抗生作用，抗菌作用：两个或更多生物的关系，至少对其中一个有危害美国传统〔association〕Ecology A large number of organisms in a specific geographic area constituting a community with one or two dominant species.【生态学】 群丛，结合体：在一特定地理区域里由一种或两种主要种类构成的区域的大量有机体美国传统〔benthos〕The collection of organisms living on or in sea or lake bottoms.底栖生物：生活于海洋或湖泊底部的全体生物的集合美国传统〔bioacoustics〕The study of sounds produced by or affecting living organisms, especially those sounds involved in communication.生物声学：对由生物产生或影响生物的声音的研究，尤指相互沟通时所发的那些声音美国传统〔bioastronautics〕The study of the biological and medical effects of space flight on living organisms.生物航天学：外层空间飞行对生物产生的生物学和医学上影响的研究美国传统〔biocenosis〕A group of interacting organisms that live in a particular habitat and form an ecological community.生物群落：一组生活在特定栖息地且形成一生态群落的一组相互影响的生物美国传统〔biocide〕A chemical agent, such as a pesticide, that is capable of destroying living organisms.杀虫剂：一种能杀死生物的化学制剂，如杀虫剂美国传统〔bioclimatology〕The study of the effects of climatic conditions on living organisms.生物气候学：由气候条件对生物所产生影响的研究美国传统〔biodiversification〕The process by which biodiversity develops or is increased within a region or a group of organisms.生物多样性进程：生物多样性在一地区或生物群发展或增多的进程美国传统〔biodynamics〕The study of the effects of dynamic processes, such as motion or acceleration, on living organisms.生物动力学：对动力作用，如运动或加速对生物影响的研究美国传统〔biodynamic〕Of or relating to the study of the effects of dynamic processes, such as motion or acceleration, on living organisms.生物动力学的：研究动力作用对生物的影响的或与之相关的，如运动或加速美国传统〔bioenergetics〕Biochemistry The study of the flow and transformation of energy in and between living organisms and between living organisms and their environment.【生物化学】 生物能量学：生物中、生物之间和生物与其环境之间能量统动和转换的研究美国传统〔biofouling〕The impairment or degradation of something, such as a ship's hull or mechanical equipment, as a result of the growth or activity of living organisms.生物毁损：因活生物体的繁殖或活动而使物体（如船体或机械设备）受到损坏或退化美国传统〔biogenesis〕Generation of living organisms from other living organisms.生物机体产生于其他生物机体美国传统〔biogenesis〕The principle that living organisms develop only from other living organisms and not from nonliving matter.生源说：关于生物机体仅能从其他生物机体而非无生命物质发展而来的原理美国传统〔biogenic〕Produced by living organisms or biological processes.生物或生物学过程所产生的美国传统〔biogeography〕The study of the geographic distribution of organisms.生物地理学：研究有机体地理分布的学科美国传统〔biological clock〕An innate mechanism in living organisms that controls the periodicity or rhythm of various physiological functions or activities.生物钟：生物体内固有的能控制各种生理功能或活动周期性或节律的机制美国传统〔biological control〕Control of pests through the use of organisms that are natural predators, parasites, or pathogens.生物控制：通过利用自然界食肉动物、寄生动物或病源，实现对有害生物的控制美国传统〔biologically〕The living organisms somehow concentrated the minerals by biological processes.生命体通过某种生物过程聚集矿物质。柯林斯高阶〔biological〕Of, relating to, caused by, or affecting life or living organisms.生物学的：属于、关于生命或生物、由其引起或对之有影响的美国传统〔bioluminescence〕Emission of visible light by living organisms such as the firefly and various fish, fungi, and bacteria.生物发光：生物体的可见光发射，如萤火虫、彩色鱼类、真菌类和细菌美国传统〔biolysis〕The decomposition of organic material by living organisms, such as microorganisms.生物分解：有机物质被生物所分解，如微生物美国传统〔biometeorology〕The study of the relationship between atmospheric conditions, such as temperature and humidity, and living organisms.生物气象学：有关大气状态，如温度和压力与生物之间的关系的研究学科美国传统〔biosatellite〕An artificial, recoverable satellite that is designed to carry and support humans, animals, or other living organisms.生物卫星：设计用于运送和搭载人、动物或其他生物的、人造可返回式卫星美国传统〔biosphere〕The living organisms and their environment composing the biosphere.生物圈：组成生物圈的生物及其环境的总和美国传统〔biosphere〕The part of the earth and its atmosphere in which living organisms exist or that is capable of supporting life.生物圈：地球及其大气中有生物生存或能够维持生命的部分美国传统〔bioterrorism〕The use of biological agents, such as pathogenic organisms or agricultural pests, for terrorist purposes.生物恐怖活动：恐怖份子对生物制剂（如病原有机体或农业有害物）的利用美国传统〔biotic〕Of or having to do with life or living organisms.生物的：生命或生物的，与生命或生物有关的美国传统〔biotic〕Produced or caused by living organisms.由生物生产或引起的美国传统〔biotype〕A group of organisms having the same genotype.生物类型：有共同基因型的一组有机体美国传统〔carnivorous〕Botany Capable of trapping insects or other small organisms and absorbing nutrients from them; insectivorous.【植物学】 食虫的：能够捕昆虫或其它小的有机体，并能从其中吸取营养的；食虫的美国传统〔clade〕A group of organisms, such as a species, whose members share homologous features derived from a common ancestor.进化枝，分化枝：一个有机体群体，其成员有从一个共同祖先获得的同源特征，如一个物种美国传统〔cladistics〕A system of classification based on the phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary history of groups of organisms.生物分类学，进化枝学：一种分类体系，其基于种系发生的关系和有机体群体的进化历史美国传统〔cladist〕One who classifies organisms according to the principles of cladistics.生物分类学家：依据生物分类学原理将有机体分类的人美国传统〔claim〕He claimed that there was no living organisms on the moon.他断言月球上没有生物。21世纪英汉〔classification〕Biology The systematic grouping of organisms into categories on the basis of evolutionary or structural relationships between them; taxonomy.【生物学】 分类学：按生物间进化关系或结构关系分类的系统方法；分类学美国传统〔coadapted〕Of or relating to characteristics that have become established through mutually beneficial interaction between organisms in a community.相互适应的：群落中组织间相互有益的作用建立起来的特性的，或与其有关的美国传统〔colony〕Ecology A group of the same kind of animals, plants, or one-celled organisms living or growing together.【生态学】 群体：一群生活或生长在一起的同种动物、植物或单细胞有机体美国传统〔commensalism〕A symbiotic relationship between two organisms of different species in which one derives some benefit while the other is unaffected.共生，共栖：不同种类两个组织之间的共生关系，在此关系中一个受益而另一个不受影响美国传统〔community〕The region occupied by a group of interacting organisms.共生区：由一群相互作用的生物体占据的区域美国传统〔conjugant〕Either of a pair of organisms, cells, or gametes undergoing conjugation.配合：一对经过结合的生物体、细胞或配子之一美国传统〔consumer〕A heterotrophic organism that ingests other organisms or organic matter in a food chain.取食者：一种在食物链中摄食其它有机体或部分有机物质的异养有机体美国传统〔continuum〕All the organisms in an ecosystem are part of an evolutionary continuum.生态系统中的所有生物都是进化连续体的一个环节。朗文当代〔coralline〕Any of various organisms that resemble coral, such as certain bryozoans or hydrozoans.珊瑚虫状动物：一种珊瑚虫状的生物，如某些苔藓虫或水螅等美国传统〔cryobiology〕The study of the effects of very low temperatures on living organisms.低温生物学：研究低温对生物影响的学科美国传统〔cyclosis〕The streaming rotary motion of protoplasm within certain cells and one-celled organisms.胞质环流：在某些细胞或单细胞微生物中的细胞质的环状流动美国传统〔cyst〕Biology A small capsulelike sac that encloses certain organisms in their dormant or larval stage.【生物学】 包囊：在他们的休眠期或幼虫期内有某些器官的囊状小气囊美国传统〔cytotaxonomy〕The classification of organisms based on cellular structure and function, especially on the structure and number of chromosomes.细胞分类学：在细胞结构和功能基础上的，特别是在染色体的结构和数量上的微生物的分类美国传统〔deme〕Ecology A local, usually stable population of interbreeding organisms of the same kind or species.【生态学】 同类群，混交群体：一种区域性的、通常保持人口稳定以及相同种属间杂交繁殖的生物群美国传统〔discrete〕The organisms can be divided into discrete categories.有机体可分为许多互不相联的种类。牛津高阶〔disinfectant〕Effluent from the sedimentation tank is dosed with disinfectant to kill any harmful organisms.沉降池中的废水中加入了消毒剂，以消灭所有有害微生物。柯林斯高阶〔disinfectant〕Effluent from the sedimentation tank is dosed with disinfectant to kill any harmful organisms.沉降池的废水中加入了消毒剂, 以消灭所有有害微生物。外研社新世纪〔diversify〕Faced with a changing environment, most organisms will adapt and diversify.面对不断变化的环境，大部分生物需要适应和多样化。麦克米伦高阶〔dive〕Bezanik is diving to collect marine organisms.贝扎尼奇正在潜水采集海洋生物。柯林斯高阶〔dive〕He is diving to collect marine organisms.他正在潜水采集海洋生物。外研社新世纪〔ecology〕The relationship between organisms and their environment.生态关系：有机体与其生存环境之间的关系美国传统〔edaphic〕Of or relating to soil, especially as it affects living organisms.土壤的：土壤的或与土壤有关的，尤指土壤影响生物体的情况的美国传统〔electrogenesis〕Production of electrical impulses in living organisms or tissues.电发生机理：活体机体或组织中电活动的产生美国传统〔embryology〕The branch of biology that deals with the formation, early growth, and development of living organisms.胚胎学：研究活着的有机体的形成、早期发育和发展的生物学的分支美国传统〔enzyme〕Any of numerous proteins or conjugated proteins produced by living organisms and functioning as biochemical catalysts.酶：由活的有机体产生的各种蛋白质或蛋白质结合体的一种，起生物催化剂的作用美国传统〔exuviae〕The cast-off skins or coverings of various organisms, such as the shells of crabs or the external coverings of the larvae and nymphs of insects.蜕下之皮：各种生物的外皮或脱落的皮，如蟹壳或昆虫幼虫或蛹的外壳美国传统〔eyespot〕A small, light-sensitive patch of pigment in certain algae and unicellular organisms.眼点：某种藻类和单细胞体中的小形感光的色素体美国传统〔facultative〕Biology Capable of functioning under varying environmental conditions. Used of certain organisms, such as bacteria that can live with or without oxygen.【生物学】 兼性寄生的：能在不同环境条件下活动的。用于某些生物，如细菌在有氧或无氧条件下都能生存美国传统〔flagellum〕Biology A long, threadlike appendage, especially a whiplike extension of certain cells or unicellular organisms that functions as an organ of locomotion.【生物学】 鞭毛，鞭状体：一种作为可移动器官的长的线状附属部分，尤指某种细胞或单细胞生物的鞭状伸展部分美国传统〔flora〕In the normal, healthy person the gut flora is a balanced community of different organisms.生活在一个正常健康的人的肠道内生物群是一个平衡的群体。剑桥高阶〔fomite〕An inanimate object or substance that is capable of transmitting infectious organisms from one individual to another.无生命传染物，传染体：一种无生命的物体或物质，可使感染性的有机物从一人身上传播到另一人身上美国传统〔gene pool〕The collective genetic information contained within a population of sexually reproducing organisms.基因库：一整套基因信息，包括一群有性生殖的有机物美国传统〔genotype〕A group or class of organisms having the same genetic constitution.同型遗传小种：具有相同基因构成的一组或一类有机体美国传统〔genotype〕The genetic constitution of an organism or a group of organisms.遗传型：一个有机体或一组有机体的基因组织美国传统〔heterophyte〕A plant, such as a parasite or saprophyte, that obtains its nourishment from other living or dead organisms.异养植物：一株从其他的活的或死的有机物身上得到养分的植物，如寄生植物或腐生植物美国传统〔immunological〕A monocyte is a white blood cell that can provide immunological defences against many infectious organisms.单核细胞是一种白细胞，可提供针对许多感染性生物的免疫抵抗能力。剑桥高阶〔inactive〕Biology Having no significant effect on or interaction with living organisms.【生物学】 在生物器官上没有显著作用或反应的美国传统〔inbreeding〕The breeding of related individuals within an isolated or a closed group of organisms or people.近亲繁殖：在一个分离的或封闭的生物群或人群内部进行的近亲繁殖美国传统〔incubate〕To maintain (eggs, organisms, or living tissue) at optimal environmental conditions for growth and development.培育：使（蛋、器官或生长组织）保持在一种适宜的环境条件下，以便生长和发育美国传统〔infectious〕Both organisms are infectious.两种生物都会传染疾病。外研社新世纪〔infraclass〕A taxonomic category of related organisms ranking below a subclass and above an order.下纲：生物等级分类中的一个层次，在亚纲之下，目之上美国传统〔inventory〕Naturalists work with volunteers to inventory all living organisms in the park.博物学家和志愿者一起为这个公园里的所有生物编制目录。外研社新世纪〔isomorphism〕Biology Similarity in form, as in organisms of different ancestry.【生物学】 同态性；同形性：形式上的相似性，如由不同的上代个体所产生的有机体的相似性美国传统〔key〕An outline of the distinguishing characteristics of a group of organisms, used as a guide in taxonomic identification.检表：一组生物的明显特征的概括，用于指导分类检查美国传统〔kingdom〕One of the three main divisions (animal, vegetable, and mineral) into which natural organisms and objects are classified.界：自然的生物体和物体被分类的三大主要分界（动物、植物和矿物）之一美国传统〔low〕Bacteria are low organisms.细菌是低等生物。英汉大词典〔low〕Biology Of relatively simple structure in the scale of living organisms.【生物学】 低级的：有机物的等级中有相对简单结构的美国传统〔luciferase〕An enzyme present in the cells of bioluminescent organisms that catalyzes the oxidation of luciferin.荧光素酶：存在于生物性发光组织的细胞中，催化荧光素氧化的酶美国传统〔mariculture〕Cultivation of marine organisms in their natural habitats, usually for commercial purposes.海上养殖：在海洋生物的天然栖息地养殖这些生物，通常是出于商业目的美国传统〔meroplankton〕Any of various organisms that spend part of their life cycle, usually the larval or egg stages, as plankton.季节浮游生物：任一种其部分生命周期以浮游生物形式存在的生物，通常指其幼虫或卵美国传统〔microbiology〕The branch of biology that deals with microorganisms and their effects on other living organisms.微生物学：生物学的一个分支，研究微生物及它们对于其它生物的作用美国传统〔microculture〕Biology A small-scale culture of organisms, cells, or tissues.【生物学】 小规模培养：有机体、细胞或是组织的小规模培养美国传统〔microscopically〕No living organisms, large or microscopically small, inhabited it.那里没有任何生物生存, 无论是大型的还是显微镜下才可见的微小生物。外研社新世纪〔microscopically〕No living organisms, large or microscopically small, inhabited it.那里没有任何生物生存，无论是大型的还是极微小的生物。柯林斯高阶〔monogenesis〕The theory that all living organisms are descended from a single cell or organism.一元发生说：认为所有生物都是由一个单细胞或有机体发展而来的理论美国传统〔morphology〕The branch of biology that deals with the form and structure of organisms without consideration of function.形态生物学：生物学一个分支，以有机体的形式和结构为研究对象，而不考虑其功能美国传统〔mortality〕Their death and decay may deplete oxygen in the water, causing mass mortality of other living organisms.它们的死亡和腐败也许会大量消耗水中的氧气, 从而造成其他生物的大批死亡。外研社新世纪〔mutate〕Simple organisms like bacteria mutate rapidly.像细菌那样的简单有机体突变的速度很快。朗文当代〔mutualism〕An association between organisms of two different species in which each member benefits.互靠论：两种不同种类之间互利的联合美国传统〔nannoplankton〕Aquatic organisms constituting very small or the smallest forms of plankton.微型浮游生物：由非常小或最小形式的浮游生物构成的水生生物体美国传统〔neuston〕The collection of minute or microscopic organisms that inhabit the surface layer of a body of water.漂浮生物：居住在水体表面的微小生物聚积体美国传统〔nitrogen fixation〕The conversion by certain soil microorganisms, such as rhizobia, of atmospheric nitrogen into compounds that plants and other organisms can assimilate.细菌固氮：通过某种的土壤微生物，如根瘤细菌，将大气氮变为植物和其他有机物能吸收的化合物的转化美国传统〔orchil〕The reddish dyestuff obtained from any of these organisms.苔色素：由此类植物提出的红色染料美国传统〔organic〕Having properties associated with living organisms.有机的：拥有同活的有机体相联系的性质的美国传统〔organism〕All living organisms have to adapt to changes in environmental conditions.一切生物都要适应环境条件的变化。朗文当代〔organism〕Amoebae and bacteria are single-celled organisms.变形虫和细菌是单细胞生物。剑桥高阶〔organism〕Factories and cities are more complex organisms than self-sufficient villages.工厂和城市是比自给自足的村庄更复杂的机体。英汉大词典〔organism〕Not all chemicals normally present in living organisms are harmless.并不是所有常见于生物体中的化学物质都无害。柯林斯高阶〔organism〕Not all chemicals normally present in living organisms are harmless.并非所有常见于生物体中的化学物质都无害。外研社新世纪〔organism〕These creatures are descended from simpler organisms like corals.这些生物源于珊瑚虫之类更为简单的生物。外研社新世纪〔paleobiogeography〕The study of the geographic distribution of fossil organisms.史前生物地理学：对有机体化石的地理分布的研究美国传统〔paleobiology〕The branch of paleontology that deals with the fossils of plants, animals, and other organisms.古生物学：古生物学的一支，专门研究植物、动物与其它有机体的化石的美国传统〔paleoecology〕The branch of ecology that deals with the interaction between ancient or prehistoric organisms and their environment.古生态学：生态学的分支，涉及古代或史前有机体与其环境的关系美国传统〔paleontology〕The study of the forms of life existing in prehistoric or geologic times, as represented by the fossils of plants, animals, and other organisms.古生物学：对出现在史前或地质时代的生命的形成的研究，体现在植物、动物和其它有机体的化石上美国传统〔parental〕Genetics Of or designating the generation of organisms from which hybrid offspring are produced.【遗传学】 亲本的，亲代的：属于或指产生出杂交后代的第一代生物体的美国传统〔parthenogenesis〕These organisms reproduce parthenogenetically.这些生物体通过单性生殖进行繁殖。牛津高阶〔periphyton〕Sessile organisms, such as algae and small crustaceans, that live attached to surfaces projecting from the bottom of a freshwater aquatic environment.固着生物：固着生物体，如海藻和小型甲壳动物，固着在突出淡水水底环境的表面上美国传统〔pharmacodynamics〕The study of the action or effects of drugs on living organisms.药效学：对药在活的生物体上的作用和效应的研究美国传统〔phenotype〕An individual or group of organisms exhibiting a particular phenotype.有共同表型的生物群体：展示一种特殊表现型的个体或群体有机物美国传统〔photobiology〕The study of the effects of light on living organisms and biological processes.光生物学：从事光对活的有机物和生物过程影响的研究美国传统〔photodynamics〕The science that deals with the activating effects of light on living organisms.光动力学：研究光对活的有机物的激发效应的科学美国传统〔physiology〕The biological study of the functions of living organisms and their parts.生理学：对有生命的有机体及其组成部分的功能进行的生物学研究美国传统〔plankter〕One of the minute organisms that collectively constitute plankton.浮游生物有机体：集合构成浮游生物的微小的有机体之一美国传统〔polymorphism〕Biology The occurrence of different forms, stages, or types in individual organisms or in organisms of the same species, independent of sexual variations.【生物学】 多态性；多型现象：不受性别差异影响，在有机个体或同种物种的有机体中出现不同形态、阶段或类型美国传统〔population〕Ecology All the organisms that constitute a specific group or occur in a specified habitat.【生态学】 种群，族群：构成某一群体或生活在某一栖居地的所有生物美国传统〔predator〕An organism that lives by preying on other organisms.食肉动物：靠捕猎其他生物体为生的生物体美国传统〔protoctist〕Any of the unicellular protists and their descendant multicellular organisms, considered as a separate taxonomic kingdom in most modern classification systems.原生物：任何一种单细胞原生生物和作为它们后代的多细胞有机体，在大多数现代分类系统中将它分为一个单独的界美国传统〔prototrophic〕Nitrobacteria are prototrophic organisms.硝化细菌是原养型微生物。英汉大词典〔protozoan〕Any of a large group of single-celled, usually microscopic, eukaryotic organisms, such as amoebas, ciliates, flagellates, and sporozoans.原生动物：大批单细胞的，通常要在显微镜下才能看到的真核细胞有机体中的任何一种，包括变形虫、纤毛虫和孢子虫美国传统〔race〕A population of organisms differing from others of the same species in the frequency of hereditary traits; a subspecies.亚种：在遗传特征的出现频率上和同一种类的其它生物不同的生物总体；亚种美国传统〔radiate〕Ecology To spread into new habitats and thereby diverge or diversify. Used of a group of organisms.【生态学】 分散，扩展到新的聚居地：传到新的产地从而分散或变化。用于组织群落美国传统〔radiation〕Ecology The spread of a group of organisms into new habitats.【生态学】 分散：组织群落新的产地的扩展美国传统〔radiobiology〕The study of the effects of radiation on living organisms.辐射生物学：对辐射在生物组织上的反应的研究美国传统〔regulation〕The regulations ban the use of genetically modified organisms.规章禁止使用转基因生物。牛津搭配〔reliquiae〕Remains, as of fossil organisms.残留物，如生物化石的残片美国传统〔reproduce〕Many single cell organisms reproduce by splitting in two.很多单细胞生物体是通过分裂成两个细胞而繁殖的。牛津搭配〔reproduction〕Biology The sexual or asexual process by which organisms generate others of the same kind.【生物学】 生殖：生物产生其他同类的有性或无性繁殖过程美国传统〔reside〕Memory has been shown to reside in many different organisms.已经证实,记忆存在于多种生物体中。英汉大词典〔respiration〕Any of various analogous metabolic processes by which certain organisms, such as fungi and anaerobic bacteria, obtain energy from organic molecules.呼吸作用：特定有机体从有机分子中获取能量的各种相似的新陈代谢过程，如真菌及厌氧细菌美国传统〔respiratory pigment〕Any of various colored conjugated proteins, such as hemoglobin, that occur in living organisms and function in oxygen transfer in cellular respiration.呼吸色素：任何一种有色结合蛋白质，例如血色素，产生于活的有机体中，并在细胞呼吸中进行氧的转换美国传统〔rotifer〕Any of various minute multicellular aquatic organisms of the phylum Rotifera, having at the anterior end a wheellike ring of cilia.轮虫：轮虫门的任一种头部顶端有一圈轮状纤毛的微小多细胞永生生物美国传统〔saprobiology〕The study of decaying organisms or environments, especially as a branch of ecology.腐生生物学：以腐坏的微生物或环境为研究对象的学科，尤指生态学的一个分支美国传统〔scattering layer〕A concentrated layer of organisms in the ocean that reflects and scatters sound waves, as from sonar.散射层：海洋中反射及分散声波的，如来自声纳的生物体密集层美国传统〔sediment〕Many organisms that die in the sea are soon buried by sediment.海洋里死亡的许多生物会很快被沉淀物掩埋。柯林斯高阶〔sepsis〕The presence of pathogenic organisms or their toxins in the blood or tissues.脓毒：在血液或组织中致病的有机体或它们的毒素的存在美国传统〔sexually〕The first organisms that reproduced sexually were free-floating plankton.最早开始有性繁殖的生物是四处漂浮的浮游生物。柯林斯高阶〔sex〕The property or quality by which organisms are classified as female or male on the basis of their reproductive organs and functions.性别：基于生殖器官和功能而将生物体分为雌或雄的性质或特点美国传统〔shell〕The usually hard outer covering that encases certain organisms, such as mollusks, insects, and turtles; the carapace.甲壳：通常为坚硬的外部覆盖物，包裹着某些有机体，如软体动物、昆虫及海龟；甲壳美国传统〔simulant〕They used the simulant organisms to make the experiments as realistic as possible.他们用仿有机体做实验, 力求真实。外研社新世纪〔slime〕The organisms are a slime mould / mold.微生物是一种黏菌。牛津搭配〔spermatogonium〕Any of the cells of the gonads in male organisms that are the progenitors of spermatocytes.精原细胞：雄性有机体的性腺的细胞，是产生精母细胞的母体美国传统〔spoiled〕Some organisms are responsible for spoiling food and cause food poisoning.有些生物会导致食物变质并引起食物中毒。柯林斯高阶〔spoil〕Some organisms are responsible for spoiling food and cause food poisoning.一些生物是造成食物腐坏及食物中毒的元凶。外研社新世纪〔sponge〕The light, fibrous, flexible, absorbent skeleton of certain of these organisms, used for bathing, cleaning, and other purposes.海绵体：轻的、纤维质的、弹性的、一定组织组成吸收性种结构，用于洗澡、清洁或其它目的美国传统〔standing crop〕The total amount of living organisms, as of plankton, in a specific area at a given time.现存量：在特定的时间与特定地区生长物的总量，如浮游生物美国传统〔stenobathic〕Limited to or able to live only within a narrow range of water depths. Used of aquatic organisms.狭深性的：限于或仅能生存于狭窄的水深范围内的。用于水生生物美国传统〔stenohaline〕Limited to or able to live only within a narrow range of saltwater concentrations. Used of aquatic organisms.狭盐性的：限于或只能生活于一定盐水浓度的范围内的。用于水生生物美国传统〔steroidogenesis〕Production of steroids by living organisms.类固醇生成：有生命的生物类固醇的制造美国传统〔stolon〕Zoology A stemlike structure of certain colonial organisms from which new individuals arise by budding.【动物学】 生殖根：特定的群落生物的枝形结构，新个体以芽体方式从其上长出美国传统〔stress〕Different organisms react differently to environmental stress.不同生物对环境刺激有不同的反应。牛津搭配〔subclass〕Biology A taxonomic category of related organisms ranking between a class and an order.【生物学】 亚纲：在一个纲下和一个目上的生物分类的类目美国传统〔subfamily〕Biology A taxonomic category of related organisms ranking between a family and a genus.【生物学】 亚科：科以下属以上的生物学分类级别美国传统〔subkingdom〕A taxonomic category of related organisms constituting a major division of a kingdom.亚界：由构成一门的主要分支生物构成的分类学界的一级分类美国传统〔suborder〕Biology A taxonomic category of related organisms ranking between an order and a family.【生物学】 亚目：低于目而高于科的生物学分类级别美国传统〔subphylum〕A taxonomic category of related organisms ranking between a phylum and a class.亚门：介于门与纲之间的生物学分类级别美国传统〔superclass〕A taxonomic category of related organisms ranking below a phylum and above a class.总纲：一种生物分类的类别，包括门以下和纲以上的相关生物有机体美国传统〔superfamily〕A taxonomic category of related organisms ranking below an order or its subdivisions and above a family.总科：一种生物分类的类别，包括目或其分支以下和科以上的相关物质有机体美国传统〔superorder〕A taxonomic category of related organisms ranking below a class or subclass and above an order.总目：介于纲或亚纲与目之间的生物分类类别美国传统〔superorganism〕A group of organisms, such as an insect colony, that functions as a social unit.超个体：指群居生物的群体，例如一归虫群体美国传统〔survival of the fittest〕Natural selection conceived of as a struggle for life in which only those organisms best adapted to existing conditions are able to survive and reproduce.适者生存：被看成是一场生命竞争的自然选择，只有那些最能适应生存环境的生物体才能存在和繁衍美国传统〔survive〕Those organisms that are most suited to the environment will be those that will survive.最适宜该环境的微生物将会存活下来。柯林斯高阶〔swarm〕A large number of insects or other small organisms, especially when in motion.一大群：尤指正在行进中的一大群昆虫或其它细小生物美国传统〔symbiosis〕Biology A close, prolonged association between two or more different organisms of different species that may, but does not necessarily, benefit each member.【生物学】 共生现象：两个或多个不同种类的有机体之间的紧密的、长时间的联合，这种联合也许但不一定对每个成员都有益美国传统〔synecology〕The study of the ecological interrelationships among communities of organisms.群体生态学：研究有机体群落中相互间生态关系的学科美国传统〔systematics〕Biology The systematic classification of organisms and the evolutionary relationships among them; taxonomy.【生物学】 分类学：对有机体及其进化关系进行有系统的分类；分类法美国传统〔taphonomy〕The study of the conditions and processes by which organisms become fossilized.埋葬学：对有机体变为化石的条件和过程进行的研究美国传统〔taxonomy〕The classification of organisms in an ordered system that indicates natural relationships.分类系统：显示自然界关联的生物体系统分类法美国传统〔thermotropism〕The tendency of plants or other organisms to bend toward or away from heat.向温性：植物或其它生物倾向或背离热源的趋势美国传统〔trophic level〕A group of organisms that occupy the same position in a food chain.营养层次，营养级：在食物链中居于同一地位的一群生物美国传统〔unit〕The cell is the unit of which all living organisms are composed.细胞是构成一切生物的单位。牛津高阶〔xenobiotic〕Foreign to the body or to living organisms. Used of chemical compounds.异型生物质的：由外来进入身体或有机生物体的，常用于医药化合物美国传统〔zonation〕Ecology The distribution of organisms in biogeographic zones.【生态学】 生物圈：在地理生物学中形成的生物分布范围美国传统〔zone〕Ecology An area characterized by distinct physical conditions and populated by communities of certain kinds of organisms.【生态学】 动植物分布带：以不同的物质条件和某些种类的生物体居住为特征的区域美国传统〔zoochlorella〕Any of numerous unicellular green algae that live symbiotically within the cells of other organisms, especially those of many freshwater invertebrates.虫绿藻：一种单细胞绿藻，共生地生长在其他生物体的细胞内，尤指许多淡水的无脊椎动物细胞内美国传统〔zooplankter〕One of the animal organisms constituting zooplankton.浮游动物：组成浮游动物的一种动物有机体美国传统〔zooxanthella〕Any of various yellow-green algae that live symbiotically within the cells of other organisms, such as those of certain radiolarians and marine invertebrates.动物黄藻：与其它生物细胞共生的黄绿色海藻，如某些放射虫和海生无脊椎动物美国传统〔zygomorphic〕Bilaterally symmetrical. Used of organisms or parts.两侧对称的：两边对称的，用于生物体或器官美国传统Amoebae and bacteria are single-celled organisms.变形虫和细菌是单细胞微生物。剑桥国际Animals are distinguished from plants by obtaining their nourishment from other living organisms or their remains.动物与植物的区别在于，动物摄取的营养来自其他生物或其残骸。剑桥国际Astro-scientists discovered the existence of organisms on this planet. 太空科学家在这个星球上发现了有机体的存在。译典通Factories and cities are more complex organisms than self-sufficient villages. 工厂和城市是较自给自足的村庄更为复杂的社会组织。译典通You do not have to go far to find a living parallel for these prehistoric organisms. 你不必走远就可以找到与这些史前有机体相类似的生物。译典通 |
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