| 单词 | 氨基酸 |
| 释义 | DEFINITIVE EXAMPLES 权威例句〔alpha helix〕A common structure of proteins, characterized by a single, spiral chain of amino acids stabilized by hydrogen bonds.α螺旋：一种蛋白质普通结构，其特征为由氢键所稳定住的单螺旋氨基酸链美国传统〔break down〕Over time, the protein in the eggshell breaks down into its constituent amino acids.时间久了，蛋壳中的蛋白质就会分解为其构成成分氨基酸。柯林斯高阶〔building block〕Amino acids are the building blocks of protein.氨基酸是构成蛋白质的基本成分。朗文当代〔carboxypeptidase〕An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a terminal amino acid from the end of a peptide or polypeptide that contains a free carboxyl group.羧肽酶：一种酶，在含有游离羧基肽或多肽的末端水解氨基酸过程中起催化作用美国传统〔chymotrypsin〕A pancreatic digestive enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of certain proteins in the small intestine into polypeptides and amino acids.胰凝乳蛋白酶：胰消化酶，在小肠中催化某些蛋白质水解形成多肽和氨基酸美国传统〔code〕Genetics To specify the genetic code for an amino acid or a polypeptide.【遗传学】 指定遗传密码：确定氨基酸或多肽的遗传密码美国传统〔combine〕Different amino acids combine to form proteins.不同种类的氨基酸组合构成蛋白质。朗文当代〔degeneracy〕Genetics The presence in a genetic code of multiple codons for the same amino acid.【遗传学】 兼并：在同一个氨基酸多个密码子的一个遗传密码中出现美国传统〔degenerate〕Coding for the same amino acid as another codon.变质密码子的：为作为另一个密码子的同样的氨基酸编密码的美国传统〔degenerate〕Having more than one codon specify the same amino acid. Used of a genetic code.兼并密码子的：有不止一个密码子来指定同样的氨基酸。用于一种遗传基因美国传统〔dipeptide〕A peptide that, on hydrolysis, yields two amino acid molecules.二肽：水解时产生两个分子氨基酸的肽美国传统〔erepsin〕An enzyme complex found in intestinal and pancreatic juices that functions in the breakdown of polypeptides into amino acids.肠肽酶：肠内分泌物和胰液中的一种酶合成物，在将多肽分裂成氨基酸的过程中起作用美国传统〔exon〕A nucleotide sequence in DNA that carries the code for the final messenger RNA molecule and thus defines the amino acid sequence during protein synthesis.编码顺序：DNA中的核苷酸序列，为最终的信息传递者RNA分子携带编码并在蛋白质合成中确定氨基酸范围美国传统〔exopeptidase〕Any of a group of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of single amino acids from the end of a polypeptide chain.链肽端解酶：能使肽链末端氨基酸形成的肽键水解的一组酶之一美国传统〔galactosamine〕An amino-acid derivative of galactose.半乳糖胺：半乳糖的一种氨基酸衍生物美国传统〔gluconeogenesis〕The formation of glucose, especially by the liver, from noncarbohydrate sources, such as amino acids and the glycerol portion of fats.糖质新生：葡萄糖的形成，尤指通过肝脏从非碳水化合物如氨基酸和丙三醇中形成美国传统〔ingest〕When we ingest a mineral, it must be combined with an amino acid to be absorbed.我们所摄取的矿物质必须与氨基酸结合才能吸收。外研社新世纪〔miscode〕The mutant DNＡ miscoded a single amino acid.突变体脱氧核糖核酸误编了一个氨基酸密码。21世纪英汉〔missense mutation〕A mutation that changes a codon for one amino acid into a codon for a different amino acid.错义突变：将一种氨基酸的密码子变成另一种不同氨基酸的密码子的突变美国传统〔missense〕A section within a strand of messenger RNA containing a codon altered through mutation so that it codes for a different amino acid.错义：一个RNA螺旋体中包含的一个因突变而改变密码子的部分，它能编码成为另一种不同的氨基酸美国传统〔molecule〕There may be several hundred amino acids in a single protein molecule.一个蛋白分子中可能有数百种氨基酸。牛津搭配〔pentapeptide〕A polypeptide composed of five amino acids.由五个氨基酸构成的多肽美国传统〔peptidase〕An enzyme that hydrolyzes peptides into amino acids.肽酶：催化肽水解变成氨基酸的酶美国传统〔peptide bond〕The chemical bond formed between the carboxyl groups and amino groups of neighboring amino acids, constituting the primary linkage of all protein structures.肽键：相邻氨基酸的羧基和酸基之间的化学键，包括所有蛋白质结构中的基本联系美国传统〔peptide〕Any of various natural or synthetic compounds containing two or more amino acids linked by the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another.肽：一种自然或人工的合成物，包括二个或二个以上氨基酸，通过一个氨基酸的酸基和另一个的羧基结合而成美国传统〔proteinoid〕A proteinlike polypeptide formed abiotically from amino acid mixtures in the presence of heat, thought to resemble early evolutionary forms of protein.类蛋白质：一种类似蛋白质的多肽，由氨基酸混合物受热后以无生命的形式形成，人们认为它类似于蛋白质进化过程中的早期阶段美国传统〔protein〕These proteins are composed of 22amino acids.这些蛋白质是由22种氨基酸组成的。英汉大词典〔structural gene〕A gene that determines the amino acid sequence of a protein.结构基因：决定蛋白质的氨基酸顺序的基因美国传统〔synthesize〕Amino acid is synthesized in the body.氨基酸在体内合成。韦氏高阶〔translation〕Biology The process by which messenger RNA directs the amino acid sequence of a growing polypeptide during protein synthesis.【生物学】 转录：核糖核酸信号在蛋白质化合中引导一个正在生成的多肽氨基酸序列的过程美国传统〔tripeptide〕A peptide containing three amino acids.三肽：含有三个氨基酸的肽美国传统〔triplet〕Genetics A unit of three successive nucleotides in a molecule of DNA or RNA that codes for a specific amino acid; a codon or anticodon.【遗传学】 密码子，三联密码：一个把一种专门的氨基酸，密码子或反密码子译成密码的DNA或RNA的分子中三个相接连的核苷酸的一个联合体美国传统In digestion, the protein foods we eat are broken down into the twenty-four amino acids of which they are made.在消化过程中，我们所吃的蛋白质类食物被分解为这些食物由之构成的24种氨基酸。剑桥国际Sugars and amino-acids have asymmetric molecules.糖和氨基酸具有非对称的分子。剑桥国际The ten essential amino acids which are necessary for growth cannot be made by the human body but must be supplied by food or drugs.机体生长所必需的10种主要氨基酸不能由人体自身产生，而必须由食物或药品提供。剑桥国际 |
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