| 单词 | microorganisms |
| 释义 | DEFINITIVE EXAMPLES 权威例句〔actinomycete〕Any of various filamentous or rod-shaped, often pathogenic microorganisms of the order Actinomycetales that are found in soil and resemble bacteria and fungi.放线菌：属于放线菌目的丝状或杆状的，通常是发现于土壤中，与细菌和真菌相似的致病微生物美国传统〔aerobiology〕The study of the sources, dispersion, and effects of airborne biological materials, such as pollen, spores, and microorganisms.空气生物学：关于空气传播的生物物质，例如花粉、孢子和微生物之起源、分散以及影响的学科美国传统〔antisepsis〕Destruction of disease-causing microorganisms to prevent infection.抗菌法：消灭致病微生物防止传染美国传统〔antiseptic〕A substance that inhibits the growth and reproduction of disease-causing microorganisms.抗菌剂：抑制致病微生物生长和繁殖的物质美国传统〔antiseptic〕Capable of preventing infection by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms.不受传染的：能够通过抑制微生物的生长来防止传染的美国传统〔asepsis〕The process of removing pathogenic microorganisms or protecting against infection by such organisms.无菌疗法：清除病原体微生物或预防这种有机体感染的过程美国传统〔asepsis〕The state of being free of pathogenic microorganisms.无菌，无感染：无病原体微生物的状态美国传统〔autoinoculation〕Inoculation with a vaccine made from microorganisms obtained from the recipient's own body.自体接种：利用从受体自身获得的微生物制备的疫苗作接种美国传统〔biological warfare〕The use of disease-producing microorganisms, toxic biological products, or organic biocides to cause death or injury to humans, animals, or plants.生物战：利用制造疫病的细菌、有毒生物制品或有机杀生剂引起人类、动植物死亡或伤害美国传统〔biolysis〕The decomposition of organic material by living organisms, such as microorganisms.生物分解：有机物质被生物所分解，如微生物美国传统〔buttermilk〕A cultured sour milk made by adding certain microorganisms to sweet milk.酸奶：在甜牛奶中加入某种微生物制得的发酵的酸味牛奶美国传统〔colony〕Microbiology A visible growth of microorganisms, usually in a solid or semisolid nutrient medium.【微生物学】 一种可看得见的微生物的发育生长，通常在固体或半固体的营养媒质中美国传统〔culture medium〕A liquid or gelatinous substance containing nutrients in which microorganisms or tissues are cultivated for scientific purposes.培养基：一种含有营养成分的液体或胶状物质，在其中培养微生物或组织并用于科学目的美国传统〔culture〕The growing of microorganisms, tissue cells, or other living matter in a specially prepared nutrient medium.培养：在经过特殊准备的营养培养基中的微生物、组织细胞或其它生物的培养美国传统〔deposit〕The phosphate was deposited by the decay of marine microorganisms.海洋微生物腐烂后沉积形成磷酸盐。柯林斯高阶〔deposit〕The phosphate was deposited by the decay of marine microorganisms.这些磷酸盐是海洋微生物腐烂后沉积形成的。外研社新世纪〔disinfectant〕An agent, such as heat, radiation, or a chemical, that disinfects by destroying, neutralizing, or inhibiting the growth of disease-carrying microorganisms.消毒剂，杀菌剂：用高温、辐射或化学药剂来杀死细菌或抑制可引发疾病的微生物的增长，从而达到消毒目的美国传统〔ectogenous〕Able to live and develop outside a host, as certain pathogenic microorganisms do.外生的：能够在寄生在主体外生长发育的，如病毒性微生物美国传统〔gall〕An abnormal swelling of plant tissue caused by insects, microorganisms, or external injury.虫瘿：植物组织的非正常肿起，通常由昆虫、微生物或外界伤害引起美国传统〔germ theory〕The doctrine holding that infectious diseases are caused by the activity of microorganisms within the body.生源说，传染病源论：认为传染病是由体内微生物活动造成的学说美国传统〔germ warfare〕The use of injurious microorganisms, such as bacteria or viruses, as weapons in warfare.细菌战：有害的微生物如细菌或病毒作为战争武器的使用美国传统〔germfree〕Free of microorganisms.无菌的美国传统〔hydrogenase〕An enzyme in certain microorganisms that catalyzes the formation of hydrogen.放氢酶：某些微生物中的催化氢所生成的一种酶美国传统〔inoculate〕To implant microorganisms or infectious material into (a culture medium).菌体培养：把微生物或传染性物质植入（培养基）美国传统〔microbiology〕The branch of biology that deals with microorganisms and their effects on other living organisms.微生物学：生物学的一个分支，研究微生物及它们对于其它生物的作用美国传统〔negative〕Medicine Not indicating the presence of microorganisms, disease, or a specific condition.【医学】 不存在的，阴性的：不表示微生物组织、疾病或一特定条件的存在美国传统〔neuraminidase〕A hydrolytic enzyme that breaks down mucoproteins and is found chiefly in microorganisms of the respiratory and intestinal tracts.神经氨酸酶：一种分解成粘蛋白的水解酶，通常见于呼吸系统脊髓束的内脏脊髓束的显微组织美国传统〔neutrophil〕A neutrophil cell, especially an abundant type of granular white blood cell that is highly destructive of microorganisms.嗜中性白细胞：嗜中性染料细胞，尤指多种吞噬微生物的白细胞美国传统〔nitrogen fixation〕The conversion by certain soil microorganisms, such as rhizobia, of atmospheric nitrogen into compounds that plants and other organisms can assimilate.细菌固氮：通过某种的土壤微生物，如根瘤细菌，将大气氮变为植物和其他有机物能吸收的化合物的转化美国传统〔organotropism〕The attraction of certain chemical compounds or microorganisms to specific tissues or organs of the body.亲器官性，向器官性：某化合物或微有机物对身体特定组织或器官的亲和性美国传统〔passage〕Biology The process of passing or maintaining a group of microorganisms or cells through a series of hosts or cultures.【生物学】 继代移种：一群微生物或细胞通过一系列寄生或培养菌而传代或生存下来的过程美国传统〔periplast〕An outer layer surrounding the cell membrane of certain microorganisms, such as a spirochete.质膜：某些微生物，如螺旋体，包围细胞壁的外层膜美国传统〔petri dish〕A shallow circular dish with a loose-fitting cover, used to culture bacteria or other microorganisms.皮氏培养皿：一种带宽松盖子的浅圆盘，用来培养细菌或其他微生物美国传统〔phagocyte〕A cell, such as a white blood cell, that engulfs and absorbs waste material, harmful microorganisms, or other foreign bodies in the bloodstream and tissues.吞噬细胞：一种细胞，如白血球，吞食和消化血液和组织中的废物、有害微生物或其它异物美国传统〔putrefaction〕Decomposition of organic matter, especially protein, by microorganisms, resulting in production of foul-smelling matter.腐败：生物体的分解作用，尤指蛋白南的分解作用，由微生物作用所引起，导致腐败发臭的腐烂现象美国传统〔pyemia〕Septicemia caused by pyogenic microorganisms in the blood, often resulting in the formation of multiple abscesses.脓毒病、脓血病：由血液中的化脓的微生物引起的败血症，经常导致复合式脓肿的形成美国传统〔satellite〕Microbiology A colony of microorganisms whose growth in culture medium is enhanced by certain substances produced by another colony in its proximity.【微生物学】 卫星细胞：一个微生物群落中，微生物在培养基中的生长由于其邻近的另一个菌落分泌出的某些物质而得到加强美国传统〔selenosis〕Poisoning, especially of livestock, caused by ingesting selenium found in some plants, in the soil, or in some microorganisms.硒中毒：因摄入某些植物、土壤或在某些微生物中发现的硒而引起的中毒，尤指家畜的中毒美国传统〔serotype〕A group of closely related microorganisms distinguished by a characteristic set of antigens.血清型：一组按抗原特征区分的紧密相关的微生物美国传统〔spirillum〕Any of various other spiral-shaped microorganisms.其他螺旋状微生物美国传统〔sporont〕An organism or a cell produced by sporogony, especially in the life cycle of various parasitic microorganisms.孢细胞：由孢子生殖产生的器官或单细胞，尤其在各种寄生在微生物的生命周期中美国传统〔sporoplasm〕An infective mass of protoplasm within a spore that is injected into a host cell by various parasitic microorganisms.孢子原生质：一种传染性的孢子内原生质，该孢子通过寄生微生物可被注入囊状细胞中美国传统〔sterilize〕To make free from live bacteria or other microorganisms.消毒，使无菌：消除活细菌或其它微生物美国传统〔subculture〕One culture of microorganisms derived from another.次培养（菌）：从另一培养菌中得到的微生物培养美国传统〔superinfection〕An infection following a previous infection, especially when caused by microorganisms that have become resistant to the antibiotics used earlier.抗药性重复感染：接着上次感染的再次感染，特别是由过去使用过的产生抗药性的细菌所引起的重复感染美国传统〔syntrophism〕A biological relationship in which microorganisms of two different species or strains are mutually dependent on one another for nutritional requirements.互养，共同生长：生物间的一种关系，即两种不同物种或品质的微生物体互相依靠，从彼此的身上获取所需的营养美国传统〔teem〕A drop of water teems with microorganisms.充满微生物的一滴水美国传统〔vector〕Pathology An organism, such as a mosquito or tick, that carries disease-causing microorganisms from one host to another.【病理学】 传病媒介：把致病微生物从一个宿主传到另一宿主的生物，如蚊子或虱蝇等美国传统 |
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