| 单词 | atom |
| 释义 | DEFINITIVE EXAMPLES 权威例句〔Anaxagoras〕Greek philosopher who correctly explained solar eclipses and believed matter to be composed of atoms.阿那克萨哥拉：古希腊哲学家，对日蚀做过正确解释并相信物质由原子组成美国传统〔D-glyceraldehyde〕An optical isomer of glyceraldehyde in which the OH group is on the right side of the asymmetric carbon atom.D-甘油醛：甘油醛的光学同质异能素，其OH团会在不对称的碳原子的右边美国传统〔L-glyceraldehyde〕An optical isomer of glyceraldehyde in which the OH group is on the left side of the asymmetric carbon atom.L甘油醛：氢氧根原子团在不对称碳原子左边的甘油醛光学同分异构体美国传统〔MIDDLE〕At the center of the atom is the nucleus. 在原子的中心是原子核。朗文写作活用〔SEPARATE〕Rutherford first split the atom on 3rd January 1919. 1919年1月3日卢瑟福首次分裂原子。朗文写作活用〔SEPARATE〕What happens when an atom splits? 原子分裂会出现什么情况?朗文写作活用〔START〕The splitting of an atom sets off an explosive chain reaction. 原子分裂可造成一触即发的连锁反应。朗文写作活用〔accelerator mass spectrometry〕Mass spectroscopy in which a particle accelerator is used to disassociate molecules, ionize atoms, and accelerate the ions.加速物质光谱测定法：物质光谱学中用于分离分子、电离原子和加速离子的粒子加速器美国传统〔acceptor〕The atom that contributes no electrons to a covalent bond.受体：没有给共价键提供电子的原子美国传统〔aliphatic〕Of, relating to, or designating a group of organic chemical compounds in which the carbon atoms are linked in open chains.脂族的，脂肪族的：关于或标明一组碳原子链连接于开链中的有机化合物的美国传统〔allophone〕The t in take and the t in atom are allophones of the phoneme t.take 中的 t 和 atom 中的t是音素 的音位变体。英汉大词典〔alpha particle〕A positively charged particle, indistinguishable from a helium atom nucleus and consisting of two protons and two neutrons.α粒子：与氦原子核难以区分的带正电的粒子，包括两个质子和两个中子美国传统〔alpha〕Chemistry Closest to the functional group of atoms in an organic molecule.【化学】 阿尔法位的，第一位的：在有机分子中离功能原子基团最近的美国传统〔alpha〕Chemistry The first position from a designated carbon atom in an organic molecule at which an atom or radical may be substituted.【化学】 第一位：有机分子中离特定碳原子最近的位置，在此位置上原子或自由基可以被取代美国传统〔antiatom〕An atom composed of antiparticles.反原子：由反粒子构成的原子美国传统〔atomic mass〕The mass of an atom, usually expressed in atomic mass units.原子质量：原子的质量，通常用原子量单位来表示美国传统〔atomic theory〕The physical theory of the structure, properties, and behavior of the atom.原子论：关于原子的结构、特征及运动的物理学理论美国传统〔atomic veteran〕A former member of the armed forces who was exposed to radioactivity during the testing or use of atom bombs in or after World War II.原子部队：二战中或二战之后，在原子弹的试验或应用过程中暴露于原子射线的武装部队的组成人员美国传统〔atomicity〕The state of being composed of atoms.原子态：由原子构成的状态美国传统〔atomic〕Abbr. at.Of or relating to an atom or atoms.缩写 at.原子的：属于或关于原子的美国传统〔atomistic〕Of or having to do with atoms or atomism.原子（论）的：属于或关于原子或原子论的美国传统〔atomize〕To reduce to or separate into atoms.使粉碎：使减小或分解为微粒美国传统〔atom〕A methane molecule is composed of one carbon atom attached to four hydrogens.1个甲烷分子由1个碳原子与4个氢原子构成。外研社新世纪〔atom〕A methane molecule is composed of one carbon atom attached to four hydrogens.甲烷分子由1个碳原子与4个氢原子构成。柯林斯高阶〔atom〕A molecule of carbon dioxide (CO2) has one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms.二氧化碳（CO2）分子是由一个碳原子和两个氧原子构成的。剑桥高阶〔atom〕A: I'm afraid I've been giving you a lot of trouble. B: Not an atom.甲:恐怕我给你增添了许多麻烦吧。乙:一点也没有。英汉大词典〔atom〕He hasn't an atom of sense (= he has no sense), that boy.那个孩子啊，一点头脑也没有。剑桥高阶〔atom〕There is not an atom of truth in what he said.他所说的话没有丝毫真实性。英汉大词典〔atom〕There is not an atom of truth to what he said.他说的话没一句是真的。韦氏高阶〔atom〕Two atoms of hydrogen combine with one atom of oxygen to form a molecule of water.两个氢原子和一个氧原子结合组成一个水分子。牛津高阶〔axis〕One of three or four imaginary lines used to define the faces of a crystal and the position of its atoms.晶轴：用于决定水晶表面和它的原子位置的三、四条假想线中的一条美国传统〔azine〕A six-membered heterocyclic compound, such as pyridine, that contains one or more atoms of nitrogen with a ring structure resembling that of benzene.吖嗪，连氮：由六种元素构成的杂环化合物，如氮苯（吡啶），它由一个或更多的氮原子构成，呈环状结构，类似苯的结构美国传统〔a〕A molecule consists of two or more atoms.每个分子由两个或多个原子组成。麦克米伦高阶〔balance〕We can balance the equation by multiplying the different atoms and molecules.我们可以通过增加不同原子和分子的个数来配平等式。外研社新世纪〔behave〕Quantum mechanics is the study of the way atoms behave.量子力学是研究原子运动的学科。朗文当代〔beta〕The second position from a designated carbon atom in an organic molecule at which an atom or a radical may be substituted.第二位，β位：有机物分子结构中位于距指定碳原子的第二个位置，在此位置上原子或原子团可被取代美国传统〔binary〕Chemistry Consisting of or containing only molecules consisting of two kinds of atoms.【化学】 二元的：由只有两种原子构成的分子组成的美国传统〔binding energy〕The net energy required to decompose a molecule, an atom, or a nucleus into its components.结合能：把分子、原子或原子核分解成其组成部分所需要的净能量美国传统〔bonding〕In graphite sheets, carbon atoms bond together in rings.石墨层中的碳原子相互连接形成碳环。柯林斯高阶〔bonding〕The molecule contains four carbon atoms arranged in a ring with a triple bond between two of them.这个分子包含四个呈环状排列的碳原子，每两个碳原子之间形成一个三价键。柯林斯高阶〔bond〕Carbon atoms can form bonds with nitrogen and oxygen atoms.碳原子可以与氮和氧原子形成化学键。麦克米伦高阶〔bond〕In graphite sheets, carbon atoms bond together in rings.石墨层中的碳原子相互连接形成碳环。外研社新世纪〔bond〕The atoms bond together to form a molecule.原子结合形成分子。牛津高阶〔bond〕The molecule contains four carbon atoms arranged in a ring with a triple bond between two of them.这个分子包含四个呈环状排列的碳原子, 每两个碳原子之间形成一个三价键。外研社新世纪〔bridge〕Chemistry An intramolecular connection that spans atoms or groups of atoms.【化学】 桥：指分子内部原子与原子间的连接物美国传统〔capture〕Physics The phenomenon in which an atom or a nucleus absorbs a subatomic particle, often with the subsequent emission of radiation.【物理学】 俘获：一种原子或原子核吸收亚原子粒子的现象，随后常伴有辐射现象美国传统〔chain〕Chemistry A group of atoms bonded in a spatial configuration like links in a chain.【化学】 原子序，原子构造：限定在如链条上的连结环的空间构型里的一组原子美国传统〔charge〕If one or more electrons be removed, the atom is said to be positively charged.如果原子失去了一个或多个电子,我们就说原子带正电荷。英汉大词典〔chemical bond〕Any of several forces or mechanisms, especially the ionic bond, covalent bond, and metallic bond, by which atoms or ions are bound in a molecule or crystal.化学键：使原子或离子结合成分子或晶体的力量或历程，尤指离子键、共价键和金属键美国传统〔compound〕Dalton believed that the simplest compound of two elements must have one atom of each.道尔顿认为由两种化学元素组成的最简单化合物必须含有每种元素的一个原子。牛津搭配〔configuration〕Chemistry The structural arrangement of atoms in a compound or molecule.【化学】 构造：在化合物或分子内原子的排列结构美国传统〔conformation〕One of the spatial arrangements of atoms in a molecule that can come about through free rotation of the atoms about a single chemical bond.构象：单一化学原理中通过原子的自由旋转而形成的分子中原子的空间排列美国传统〔covalence〕The number of electron pairs an atom can share with other atoms.共用电子对数，共价：一个原子与其他原子共用的电子的对数美国传统〔covalent bond〕A chemical bond formed by the sharing of one or more electrons, especially pairs of electrons, between atoms.共价键：原子间共用一个或多个电子，尤指成对电子而形成的化学键美国传统〔crystal〕A homogenous solid formed by a repeating, three-dimensional pattern of atoms, ions, or molecules and having fixed distances between constituent parts.晶体：一种由原子、离子或分子作重复和立体型排列而形成的均质固体，在组成部分之间有固定的距离美国传统〔cyclic〕Chemistry Of or relating to compounds having atoms arranged in a ring or closed-chain structure.【化学】 环状的，环的：被排列在成环状或闭链结构中的原子的化合物的，或与之有关的美国传统〔deuterium〕The nucleus of a deuterium atom contains a proton and a neutron.重氢的原子核由一个质子和一个中子组成。剑桥高阶〔dibasic〕Containing two replaceable hydrogen atoms.二元的：含有两个可取代的氢原子的美国传统〔dibasic〕Or or relating to salts or acids forming salts with two atoms of a univalent metal.含有两个一价金属原子的：盐类或酸类的，或者有关盐类或酸类的，它通过两个一价金属原子形成盐类美国传统〔dibromide〕A chemical compound containing two bromine atoms bound to another element or radical.二溴化物：含有两个溴原子与某元素原子或基团相结合所形成的二元化合物美国传统〔dichromic〕Chemistry Containing two chromium atoms per molecule.【化学】 每个分子中含有两个铬原子的美国传统〔dioxide〕A compound with two oxygen atoms per molecule.二氧化物：分子式中含有两个氧原子的化合物美国传统〔displacement〕Chemistry A reaction in which an atom, a radical, or a molecule replaces another in a compound.【化学】 置换：化合物中一个原子、原子团或分子代替另一个的反应美国传统〔double bond〕A covalent bond in which two electron pairs are shared between two atoms.双键：两个原子之间的两个电子对的共价键美国传统〔drop〕The second atom bomb was dropped on Nagasaki on 9 August 1945.第二颗原子弹于1945年8月9日投向长崎。外研社新世纪〔dyad〕Chemistry A divalent atom or radical.【化学】 二价原子：二价的原子或基美国传统〔electron pair〕Two electrons functioning or regarded as functioning in concert, especially two electrons that form a nonpolar covalent bond between atoms.电子对：协调运行或被认为是协调运行的两个电子，尤指在原子间形成非极性共价键的两个电子美国传统〔electrovalence〕The number of electric charges lost or gained by an atom in such a transfer.电价数，离子价：在这样的转移中一个原子失去或得到的电荷数美国传统〔electrovalence〕Valence characterized by the transfer of electrons from atoms of one element to atoms of another during the formation of an ionic bond between the atoms.电价：在原子间形成离子键的过程中，由电子从一种元素的原子转移到另一种元素的原子所表示的价美国传统〔empirical formula〕A chemical formula that indicates the relative proportions of the elements in a molecule rather than the actual number of atoms of the elements.成分式：表示在一个分子中各元素的相对比例而非元素的实际原子数的化学式美国传统〔enol〕An organic compound containing a hydroxyl group bonded to a carbon atom, which in turn is doubly bonded to another carbon atom.烯醇：一种有机化合物，包含有与碳原子键连的羟基群，该碳原子反过来又与另一个碳原子双键连接美国传统〔epoch〕The dropping of the first atom bomb marked a new epoch in warfare.第一颗原子弹的投掷标志着战争进入了新纪元。牛津搭配〔epoxide〕A ring-shaped chemical structure consisting of an oxygen atom bonded to two other atoms, usually of carbon, that are already bonded to each other.环氧：一种环形化学结构，其中一个氧原子和其他两个已结合在一起的原子相结合， 这两个原子通常为碳美国传统〔ether〕Any of a class of organic compounds in which two hydrocarbon groups are linked by an oxygen atom.醚，乙醚：一类有机化合物，它们以一个氧原子与两个包含在烃基中的碳原子相连接为特征美国传统〔excite〕When energetic particles or quanta of radiation pass through a crystal, they excite a few of its atoms into a higher energy state.辐射性的高能粒子或量子穿过晶体时, 会把晶体的一些原子激发成更高的能态。外研社新世纪〔extranuclear〕Existing or acting outside the nucleus of an atom.原子核外的：出现或行动于原子核外的美国传统〔field-ion microscope〕A microscope that produces an image of the atoms on a metal surface by means of ions formed in a high-voltage electric field.场用显微镜：通过高压电场中形成的离子在金属表面展现原子图象的显微镜美国传统〔free radical〕An atom or group of atoms having at least one unpaired electron, which makes it highly reactive.自由基：至少有一个未配对的电子（这使它具有高度的反应性）的原子或原子团美国传统〔fuse together〕The hydrogen atoms fuse together.氢原子融合在一起。外研社新世纪〔fuse〕Atoms of hydrogen are fused to make helium.氢原子可熔合成氦。牛津高阶〔gamma〕Chemistry The third position from a designated carbon atom in an organic molecule at which an atom or a radical may be substituted.【化学】 第三位：在有机分子中从一指定碳原子后第三个位置，在此一个原子或原子团可能被替代美国传统〔group〕Two or more atoms behaving or regarded as behaving as a single chemical unit.原子团：两个或两个以上原子做为单一的化学单位运动美国传统〔heteroatom〕An atom other than carbon in the structure of a heterocyclic compound.杂环原子：杂环化合物结构中的除了碳之外的原子美国传统〔heterocyclic〕Containing more than one kind of atom joined in a ring.异环的：含有结成一圆环的不止一种的原子的美国传统〔hexose〕Any of various simple sugars, such as glucose and fructose, that have six carbon atoms per molecule.己糖：每个分子中有六个碳原子的几种初级的单糖之一，如葡萄糖和果糖美国传统〔hydrogenolysis〕The breaking of a chemical bond in an organic molecule with the simultaneous addition of a hydrogen atom to each of the resulting molecular fragments.分解氢：一个有机体分子中的化学键的断裂，同时给每个产生的分子分裂物加一个氢原子美国传统〔infrangible〕For centuries the atom was regarded as infrangible.有好几个世纪,原子一直被认为是不可分的。英汉大词典〔instrumentation〕Now with this particular piece of instrumentation, you can actually spot individual carbon atoms.现在利用这件特定的仪器,就可以真正观察到单个碳原子了。柯林斯高阶〔interaction〕Atoms within the fluid interact with the minerals that form the grains.液体中的原子与形成颗粒的矿物质相互作用。柯林斯高阶〔interact〕Atoms within the fluid interact with the minerals that form the grains.液体中的原子与形成颗粒的矿物相互作用。外研社新世纪〔interatomic〕Occurring, operating, or situated between atoms.出现，运作或位于原子间的美国传统〔intranuclear〕Situated or occurring within the nucleus of an atom or a cell.核内的：位于或发生于原子核或细胞核内部的美国传统〔ionization potential〕The energy required to remove completely an electron from its atom.离子电位：将一个电子完全从原子中移走所需的能量美国传统〔ion〕An atom or a group of atoms that has acquired a net electric charge by gaining or losing one or more electrons.离子：由获得或失去一个或更多的电子而获取了一个净电荷的一个原子或一组原子美国传统〔isotone〕One of two or more atoms whose nuclei have the same number of neutrons but different numbers of protons.同中子异荷素；等中子异位素：两个或更多其原子核含有相同数量的中子却含不同数量质子的原子中的任一个美国传统〔isotope〕One of two or more atoms having the same atomic number but different mass numbers.同位素：两个或更多具有相同原子序数却具有不同的质量数的原子中的一个美国传统〔laser cooling〕The slowing down of atoms or molecules by the use of a laser whose frequency has been adjusted to remove momentum from the particles.激光致冷技术：利用激光降低原子或分子的运动速度，即调整激光频率来移除粒子中的动能美国传统〔likewise〕The V2 was not an ordinary weapon: it could only be used against cities. Likewise the atom bomb.V2火箭并非普通武器：它只能用于对付城市。原子弹也是这样。柯林斯高阶〔lock〕Energy is locked up in the atom.能量被锁藏于原子内。英汉大词典〔matter〕An atom is the smallest indivisible particle of matter.原子是物质不可分割的最小粒子。外研社新世纪〔metallic bond〕The chemical bond characteristic of metals, in which mobile valence electrons are shared among atoms in a usually stable crystalline structure.金属键：金属所特有的化学键，金属键中的游离价电子被分配在处于通常稳定的金属晶体结构的原子中美国传统〔microcosm〕The atom is a microcosm.原子即是个小宇宙。英汉大词典〔migration〕The movement of one atom or more from one position to another within a molecule.移动，徙动：在分子内一个或多个原子由一个位置移到另一个位置的运动美国传统〔molecular formula〕A chemical formula that shows the number and kinds of atoms in a molecule.分子式：表明一个分子中原子的数量和种类的化学式美国传统〔molecule〕A molecule of water consists of two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen.水分子由两个氢原子和一个氧原子构成。牛津高阶〔molecule〕A molecule of water is made up of two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen.1个水分子是由2个氢原子和1个氧原子构成的。英汉大词典〔monatomic〕Having one replaceable atom or radical.一元的：有一个可置换原子或原子团的美国传统〔monoacid〕An acid having one replaceable hydrogen atom.一元酸：只有一个可置换氢原子的酸美国传统〔monohydric〕Containing one replaceable atom of hydrogen.一羟基的：含有一个可置换羟基的美国传统〔multiplet〕A spectral line having more than one component, representing slight variations in the energy states characteristic of an atom.多重谱线：一种具有几种部分的谱线，用以代表原子量态特性的细微差别美国传统〔nanotechnology〕The science and technology of building electronic circuits and devices from single atoms and molecules.纳米科技：仅用原子或分子来制造电路板与电子装置的科技美国传统〔neutrality〕A neutron is simply a neutral particle in the nucleus of an atom.中子就是原子核里不带电的粒子。柯林斯高阶〔neutral〕Atoms consist of positively-charged protons, negatively-charged electrons and neutral particles called neutrons.原子由带正电的质子、带负电的电子和称为中子的不带电粒子组成。剑桥高阶〔neutral〕A neutron is simply a neutral particle in the nucleus of an atom.简单说, 中子就是原子核内一种不带电粒子。外研社新世纪〔normal〕Designating an aliphatic hydrocarbon having a straight and unbranched chain of carbon atoms.正（链）的：指定脂肪族碳氢化合物含有一直且无分枝的碳原子链美国传统〔nucleus〕Chemistry A group of atoms bound in a structure, such as a benzene ring, that is resistant to alteration in chemical reactions.【化学】 环（晶）核：包围在抗化学反应变化的结构中的一组原子，如苯环美国传统〔nucleus〕Neutrons and protons are bound together in the nucleus of an atom.中子和质子在原子核内结合在一起。外研社新世纪〔nucleus〕Physics The positively charged central region of an atom, composed of protons and neutrons and containing almost all of the mass of the atom.【物理学】 原子核：原子的正极中心部分，由质子和中子构成，几乎集中了原子的全部质量美国传统〔octet〕A set of eight valence electrons in an atom or ion, forming a stable configuration.八重态：在一个原子或离子中，形成稳定组态的一组八个化合价电子美国传统〔open chain〕An arrangement of atoms that does not form a ring, as in silicon compounds and various carbon compounds, such as aliphatic hydrocarbons.开链：一种在结构式中可由中端点不连接成一个环的链描述原子的排列，如在硅化合物和多种碳化合物中，如脂肪族碳氢化合物美国传统〔orbital〕The wave function of an electron in an atom or molecule, indicating the electron's probable location.轨函数：描述原子或分子中某个电子运动波函数，它可指出电子的可能位置美国传统〔organometallic〕Of, relating to, or constituting an organic compound containing a metal, especially a compound in which a metal atom is bonded directly to a carbon atom.金属有机的：属于、关于或组成一种有机化合物，该化合物包含一种金属，特别是金属原子直接与碳原子相连的化合物美国传统〔oxidation-reduction〕A chemical reaction in which an atom or ion loses electrons to another atom or ion.氧化还原反应：一个原子或离子的电子转移到另一个原子或离子的一种化学反应美国传统〔oxidation〕A reaction in which the atoms in an element lose electrons and the valence of the element is correspondingly increased.氧化：一种某个元素的原子失去电子后它的原子价相应增加的反应美国传统〔oxide〕Atoms of iron in the nail combine with atoms of oxygen from the air to form molecules of iron oxide, or rust.钉子里的铁原子与空气中的氧原子结合后形成氧化铁分子, 产生了锈。外研社新世纪〔oxide〕Atoms of iron in the nail combine with atoms of oxygen from the air to form molecules of iron oxide, or rust.钉子里的铁原子与空气中的氧原子结合后形成氧化铁分子，也就是锈。柯林斯高阶〔particle beam〕A beam of atoms or subatomic particles that have been accelerated by a particle accelerating device, aimed by magnets, and focused by a lens.粒子束流：一束由粒子加速器加速过的原子或亚原子粒子，用磁石定方向，用透镜集中美国传统〔patently〕He patented the idea that the atom could be split.他获得了“原子可以再分”这一概念的专利权。柯林斯高阶〔patent〕He patented the idea that the atom could be split.他的原子裂变观点获得了专利。外研社新世纪〔penetrate〕It was a long time before scientists could penetrate the mystery of the atom.很久以后科学家才洞悉原子的奥秘。英汉大词典〔pentose〕Any of a class of monosaccharides having five carbon atoms per molecule and including ribose and several other sugars.戊糖：分子中含有五个炭原子的一种单糖，包括核糖及其它几种单糖美国传统〔point defect〕A departure from symmetry in the alignment of atoms in a crystal that affects only one or two lattice sites.点缺陷：一种晶体的原子线性排列的不对称，它只影响一个或两个栅格美国传统〔polyatomic〕Of or relating to a molecule that has three or more atoms as constituents.多原子的：有三个或更多的原子作为其构成部分的分子的，或与之有关的美国传统〔polybasic〕Of or relating to an acid that has two or more hydrogen atoms that can be replaced by basic atoms or radicals.多元的；多碱价的：一种含有两个或更多能被碱性原子或原子团取代的氢原子酸的；或与之有关的美国传统〔polyether〕A polymer in which the repeating unit contains two carbon atoms linked by an oxygen atom.聚醚：一种聚合物，其中重复性的单位含有由一个氧原子连结的两个碳原子美国传统〔polysulfide〕A sulfide compound containing at least two sulfur atoms per molecule.多硫化物：每个分子中至少含有两个硫原子的一种硫化物美国传统〔positronium〕A short-lived association of an electron and a positron bound together in a configuration resembling the hydrogen atom.电子偶素，正电子素：电子与正电子的短暂结合物，两者的结合物与氢原子的结构十分相似美国传统〔powder〕The object that was destroyed was powdered into atoms.毁坏的物品被彻底粉碎。外研社新世纪〔primary〕Having a carbon atom attached solely to one other carbon atom in a molecule.一代的：分子一个碳原子点和另外一个碳原子相连的美国传统〔primary〕Relating to the replacement of one of several atoms or radicals in a compound by another atom or radical.连上一个碳原子的：用另外一个原子或原子团来替代混合物中某一原子或原子团的过程的或与此有关的美国传统〔pump〕Physics Electromagnetic radiation used to raise atoms or molecules to a higher energy level.【物理学】 电磁辐射能：用来将原子或分子提升到较高能级的电磁辐射美国传统〔quantum mechanics〕Quantum theory, especially the quantum theory of the structure and behavior of atoms and molecules.量子力学：量子理论，尤指原子及分子结构与运动的量子理论美国传统〔quark〕Atoms are made up of smaller particles - protons, neutrons and electrons - some of which are made up of even smaller ones, called quarks.原子是由更小的粒子，即质子、中子和电子组成的，其中有些是由更小的叫做夸克的粒子构成的。剑桥高阶〔radical〕Symbol R An atom or a group of atoms with at least one unpaired electron.符号 R 原子因，基团：至少有一个游离电子的原子或一组原子美国传统〔respect〕They may differ only in respect of two hydrogen atoms.它们可能仅仅存在两个氢原子的差异。外研社新世纪〔secondary〕Chemistry Characterized or formed by replacement of two atoms or radicals within a molecule. Used of a compound.【化学】 转化而成的：由一个分子内两个原子或电极替代所形成的，或有此特点的。用于化合物美国传统〔single bond〕A covalent bond in which one electron pair is shared by two atoms.单键：两个原子共用一个电子对的电子价美国传统〔sputter〕Physics To cause the atoms of a solid to be removed from the surface by bombardment with atoms in a discharge tube.【物理学】 排射：由排射试管中原子撞击而使固体原子从表面移开美国传统〔sputter〕Physics To coat (a solid surface) with metal atoms by sputtering.【物理学】 通过轰击把一个（固体表面）涂上金属原子美国传统〔stereoisomerism〕Isomerism created by differences in the spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule.立体异构现象：因为原子在分子中排列不同而造成的异构现象美国传统〔stereoisomer〕One of a set of isomers whose molecules have the same atoms bonded to each other but differ in the way these atoms are arranged in space.立体异构体：异构体中的一个，它们的分子有同样的原子但这些原子在空间中的排列不同美国传统〔structural formula〕A chemical formula that shows how the atoms and bonds in a molecule are arranged.结构式：表现分子中的原子的键如何排列的化学式美国传统〔subatomic particle〕Any of various units of matter below the size of an atom, including the elementary particles and hadrons.亚原子粒子：尺寸小于原子的各种物质单位之任何一种，包括基本粒子及强子美国传统〔subatomic〕Having dimensions or participating in reactions characteristic of the constituents of the atom.亚原子的：具有亚原子结构之尺寸的，参与亚原子结构之反应的美国传统〔subshell〕One or more orbitals in the electron shell of an atom.（原子）支壳层：原子之电子层中之一个或多个轨道美国传统〔substituent〕An atom, a radical, or a group substituted for another in a chemical compound.取代分子：取代化学化合物中一原子、基线原子团的原子、基线原子团美国传统〔substituent〕Of or relating to such an atom or group.取代分子的，有关取代分子的美国传统〔tertiary〕Of or relating to salts of acids containing three replaceable hydrogen atoms.三代的：属于或关于含有三个可被替代的氢原子的各种酸盐的美国传统〔tetrabasic〕Containing four replaceable hydrogen atoms in a molecule. Used of acids.四元的：分子中含有四个可被替代的氢原子的，用于酸美国传统〔tetrabasic〕Containing four univalent basic atoms or radicals. Used of bases or salts.四代的：含有四个单价碱性原子或基团的，用于碱或盐美国传统〔tetrachloride〕A chemical compound containing four chlorine atoms per molecule.四氯化物：每分子含有四个氯原子的化合物美国传统〔tetracid〕Containing four replaceable hydrogen atoms. Used of an acid or acid salt.含有四个可替代的氢原子的，用于酸或酸盐美国传统〔tetrad〕A tetravalent atom, radical, or element.四价原子，基团或元素美国传统〔tetratomic〕Having four atoms per molecule.四原子的：每个分子有四个原子的美国传统〔tetratomic〕Having four replaceable univalent atoms or radicals.四原子的：有四个可替换的单价原子或基团的美国传统〔tetroxide〕A chemical compound containing four oxygen atoms per molecule.四氧化物：每分子含有四个氧原子的化合物美国传统〔thiazine〕Any of a class of organic chemical compounds containing a ring composed of one sulfur atom, one nitrogen atom, and four carbon atoms, used in making dyes.硫氮杂苯：包括一个硫原子、一个氮原子和四个碳原子的环状有机化合物的任一种，用于制作染料美国传统〔triacid〕An acid containing three replaceable hydrogen atoms.三元酸：含有三个可被取代的氢原子的酸美国传统〔triacid〕Containing three replaceable hydrogen atoms. Used of an acid or acid salt.三价的：含有三个可被取代的氢原子的。用于酸或酸式盐类美国传统〔triatomic〕Containing three atoms per molecule.三原子的三代的：每个分子中包含有三个原子的美国传统〔triatomic〕Containing three replaceable atoms or radicals.三羟基的：包含有三个可取代的原子或基团的美国传统〔tribasic〕Containing three replaceable hydrogen atoms per molecule. Used of an acid.三元的三代的，三碱（价）的：每个分子中含有三个可取代的氢原子的。用于酸类美国传统〔tribasic〕Containing three univalent basic atoms or radicals per molecule. Used of a base or salt.三碱式的：每个分子中含有三个一价碱性原子或原子团的。用于碱类或盐类美国传统〔trichloride〕A compound containing three chlorine atoms per molecule.三氯化物：每个分子中含有三个氯原子的化合物美国传统〔triose〕One of a group of monosaccharides that contain three carbon atoms.丙糖：一种含有三个碳原子的单糖中的一种美国传统〔trioxide〕An oxide containing three oxygen atoms per molecule.三氧化物：每个分子中含有三个氧原子的氧化物美国传统〔triple bond〕A covalent bond in which three electron pairs are shared between two atoms.三键：两个原子共享三对电子的共价键美国传统〔trisodium〕Containing three sodium atoms.三钠：含有三个钠原子的美国传统〔trisulfide〕A sulfide containing three sulfur atoms per molecule.三硫化合物：每个分子中包含有三个硫原子的硫化物美国传统〔undissociated〕Chemistry Not dissociated into simpler groups of atoms, single atoms, or ions.【化学】 未离解的：未分离成更简单的原子群、单一原子或离子的美国传统〔vacancy〕A crystal defect caused by the absence of an atom, an ion, or a molecule in a crystal lattice.空位：晶体里由于缺少一个原子、一个离子或一个分子造成晶格位置缺陷美国传统〔valence electron〕An electron in an outer shell of an atom that can participate in forming chemical bonds with other atoms.价电子：参与或其他原子形成化合键的原子外层电子壳层的电子美国传统〔valence shell〕The outermost shell of an atom consisting of the valence electrons.价电子层：由价电子组成的原子的最外壳层美国传统〔valence〕The combining capacity of an atom or a radical determined by the number of electrons that it will lose, add, or share when it reacts with other atoms.化合价，原子价：原子或原子团与其它原子结合的能力是由它在与其它的原子结合时所丢失、增加或共享的电子的数目决定的美国传统〔vibronic〕Of or relating to changes in molecular energy states associated with the vibrational energy of atoms.电子振动的：分子能量状态改变的或与此有关的，与原子的振动能量相关美国传统〔whole〕An atom itself is a complete whole, with its electrons, protons and neutrons and other elements.一个原子本身就是一个完整的整体，包括电子、质子、中子及其他元素。柯林斯高阶〔x-ray diffraction〕The scattering of x-rays by crystal atoms, producing a diffraction pattern that yields information about the structure of the crystal.X射线衍射：由晶体原子散射X射线后产生出的衍射模式，能带来有关该晶体结构的信息美国传统Atoms are made up of smaller particles--protons, neutrons and electrons--some of which are made up of even smaller ones, called quarks.原子是由微粒--质子、中子和电子组成的，其中有些微粒是由更小的叫作夸克的粒子组成的。剑桥国际Atoms consist of positively-charged protons, negatively-charged electrons and neutral particles called neutrons.原子由带正电荷的质子、带负电荷的电子和称为中子的不带电微粒构成。剑桥国际A benzene molecule is made of six carbon atoms joined in a ring, each one with a hydrogen atom attached.苯分子由六个链状碳原子组成，每个碳原子带一个氢原子。剑桥国际Inside the atom there is a nucleus composed of neutrons and protons. The nucleus is crucial to the making of nuclear weapons. 一个原子里面有由中子和质子组成的核，对制造核武器很重要。译典通Nuclear bombs are designed to smash the atom (= divide an atom into the parts that it consists of).核弹意在使原子发生裂变。剑桥国际Over 200 000 Japanese people were killed or wounded when two atom bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945. 1945 年在广岛和长崎扔下的两颗原子弹造成20多万日本人的伤亡。剑桥国际The atoms in diamonds vibrate at very high frequencies.钻石中的原子以很高的频率振动。剑桥国际The haemoglobin molecule contains only four atoms of iron. 血红蛋白分子只含有四个铁原子。译典通The nucleus of an atom consists of neutrons and protons.原子核由中子和质子构成。剑桥国际We can generate electric power by splitting atoms. 我们可以利用原子核裂变发电。译典通What distinguishes all the species of plants and animals is, in the final analysis, differences in the way carbon atoms choose to bond.归根结底，区分所有的动植物物种，就是看碳原子结合方式上的差异。剑桥国际When heavy atoms are split in this way some loss of mass occurs. 当重原子这样被分裂的时候，就会发生质量的减少。译典通When the liquid cools, the atoms form themselves into a crystal structure.当液体冷却下来时，原子便自我组合，形成晶状体。剑桥国际 |
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