| 单词 | gene |
| 释义 | DEFINITIVE EXAMPLES 权威例句〔-controlled〕Scientists would soon be able to manipulate human genes to control the ageing process.科学家们很快将能通过操控人类基因来控制衰老过程。柯林斯高阶〔COPY〕He made her laugh hysterically during their walks, with his impression of Gene Kelly doing ‘Singin' in the Rain.’ 散步时，他模仿吉恩·凯利在《雨中曲》里的动作令她狂笑不止。朗文写作活用〔ONLY〕Each set of genes is unique to the individual. 每一组基因都是各人特有的。朗文写作活用〔PLACE〕Molecular biologists have found the precise location of the gene. 分子生物学家已经发现了那个基因的确切位置。朗文写作活用〔PURPOSE〕The function of this gene is to block the uncontrolled division of cells; it therefore prevents the development of cancer. 这种基因的作用是阻止细胞失控地分裂，从而防止癌症。朗文写作活用〔RESULT〕Transplanting genes from one plant to another may have unintended side effects for the environment and the food supply. 把一种植物的基因移植到另一种可能会对环境和食物供应造成意想不到的后果。朗文写作活用〔RISK〕Some people carry a gene that puts them at greater risk of certain cancers. 有些人有着某些使他们更易于患上癌症的基因。朗文写作活用〔SRY gene〕A gene for maleness found on the Y chromosome. It has a key role in development of the testes and determination of sex.人类性别基因： Y染色体中发现的男性基因。该基因在睾丸的发育和性别的的确定中起关键作用美国传统〔Tay-Sachs Disease〕For a child to have Tay-Sachs Disease, both parents must have the defective gene responsible.只有当父母都携带有缺陷的相关基因时，他们的孩子才会罹患家族黑蒙性白痴病。剑桥高阶〔WORD/PHRASE/SENTENCE〕We describe our genes as ‘selfish’ or ‘ruthless’, but of course this is only a figure of speech. 我们把基因说成是“自私的”或“无情的”，当然这只是一种比喻。朗文写作活用〔X-linked trait〕An inherited phenotype produced by a gene located on an X-chromosome.X链特征：由X染色体基因造成的遗传表现美国传统〔account for〕Now, the gene they discovered today doesn't account for all those cases.不过，他们现在发现的基因无法解释所有的病例。柯林斯高阶〔account for〕Now, the gene they discovered today doesn't account for all those cases.目前为止他们发现的基因还不能解释所有的病例。外研社新世纪〔action〕The drug blocks the action of the cancer gene.这种药有遏制癌症基因的作用。朗文当代〔activate〕The gene is activated by a specific protein.这种基因由一种特异性蛋白激活。牛津高阶〔allele〕One member of a pair or series of genes that occupy a specific position on a specific chromosome.等位基因，对偶基因：在一个特定染色体上占据特定位置的一对或一组基因中的一个美国传统〔analysis〕We performed a comparative analysis of genes from different species.我们比较分析了不同物种的基因。牛津搭配〔atavism〕The reappearance of a characteristic in an organism after several generations of absence, usually caused by the chance recombination of genes.返祖现象，隔代遗传：机体特征在几代缺失后重新出现，通常由基因重组引起美国传统〔back mutation〕A reversal process whereby a gene that has undergone mutation returns to its previous state.回复突变：已经过变种的基因转回到它原来的状态的一个逆向过程美国传统〔biology〕I'd like to learn about the biology of genes.我想要研习基因生物学。文馨英汉〔carry〕We could carry that one step further by taking the same genes and putting them into another crop.我们可以再进一步, 把相同的基因取出来植入另一种作物。外研社新世纪〔carry〕We could carry that one step further by taking the same genes and putting them into another crop.我们可以再进一步：取出相同的基因,并将它们植入另一植株。柯林斯高阶〔causation〕The gene is only part of the causation of illness.基因只是一部分致病原因。外研社新世纪〔causation〕The gene is only part of the causation of illness.基因只是致病的部分原因。柯林斯高阶〔characteristically〕Genes determine the characteristics of every living thing.基因决定每个生物的特征。柯林斯高阶〔characteristic〕Genes determine the characteristics of every living thing.基因决定了每一种生物的特征。外研社新世纪〔character〕Genetics A structure, function, or attribute determined by a gene or group of genes.【遗传学】 基因型：由一个基因或一组基因决定的一种组织、功能或属性美国传统〔clerk〕Gene clerked at the auction.吉恩在拍卖会上作文书工作。柯林斯高阶〔clerk〕Gene clerked at the auction.吉恩在拍卖会上做文员。外研社新世纪〔clone〕A replica of a DNA sequence, such as a gene, produced by genetic engineering.DNA复制品，克隆：遗传工程培育的DNA序列的复制品，例如基因美国传统〔codominance〕A condition in which both alleles of a gene pair in a heterozygote are fully expressed, with neither one being dominant or recessive to the other.共显性：在异型结合体中一个基因对的两个等位基因完全传递的条件，两者相对无优劣之分美国传统〔codominant〕Genetics Of or relating to two alleles of a gene pair in a heterozygote that are both fully expressed.【遗传学】 共显性的：属于或有关异型结合体中一个基因对的两个等位基因都已完全传递的美国传统〔complementary〕Genetics Of or relating to a group of genes that act in concert to produce a specific phenotype.【遗传学】 互补基因的：指一组基因共同作用而产生某种特殊表现型的或与之有关的美国传统〔copy〕The disease occurs if someone inherits two copies of an abnormal gene.如果一个人遗传了两个完全相同的异常基因，就会出现这种疾病。麦克米伦高阶〔corepressor〕A substance that combines with and activates a genetic repressor, thus preventing gene transcription and inhibiting protein synthesis.辅阻遏物：一种与遗传阻遏物质结合并使其活跃的物质，以此来抑制遗传因子转录和阻止蛋白质的合成美国传统〔cosmid〕A hybrid vector that has been spliced with plasmid DNA for cloning large genes or gene fragments.黏粒，装配型质粒：为合成的遗传媒介，结合克隆大基因或大基因碎片的质粒脱氧核糖核酸载体美国传统〔credit〕They never give Gene any credit for all the extra work he does.吉恩做了那么多分外的事，他们从来不说一句好话。朗文当代〔cross-breed〕By cross-breeding with our native red deer, the sika deer have affected the gene pool.梅花鹿通过与我们本土的马鹿杂交, 已经影响了鹿群的基因库。外研社新世纪〔data〕The data derived from this project has increased our knowledge of how genes work.这个项目得出的数据加深了我们对基因作用机制的认识。牛津搭配〔defective〕The disease is caused by a defective gene.这种疾病是由缺陷基因引起的。朗文当代〔defective〕The disease is caused by a defective gene.这种病是由一种有缺陷的基因导致的。韦氏高阶〔deprecate〕As a lawyer, I would deprecate any sort of legal control on gene therapy at this stage.作为律师, 我会反对在现阶段对基因疗法进行任何形式的法律管制。外研社新世纪〔deprecate〕As a lawyer, I would deprecate any sort of legal control on gene therapy at this stage.作为律师，我会反对在现阶段对基因疗法进行任何形式的法律管制。柯林斯高阶〔designer gene〕A gene modified or created by genetic engineering.设计者基因：遗传工程学所修改或创造的基因美国传统〔determination〕The gene is a unit of determination.基因是一个决定单位。英汉大词典〔determination〕We don't know exactly what role this gene plays in sex determination.我们不能准确知道这个基因在确定性别中的作用。麦克米伦高阶〔determine〕Genes determine heredity.基因决定遗传特征。英汉大词典〔dihybrid〕The hybrid of parents that differ at only two gene loci, for which each parent is homozygous with different alleles.而性杂种：只有二对染色体遗传基因的亲体杂交，每个亲体都是不同等位基因的结合体美国传统〔dominant〕Because it is carried by a dominant gene, an affected individual can expect about half of his or her children to inherit the illness.因为它是由显性基因携带，所以感染者的孩子会有约50％的可能性遗传该疾病。柯林斯高阶〔dominant〕The gene for brown eyes is dominant.生成棕色眼睛的基因是显性的。剑桥高阶〔dominant〕The disease is under the control of a single dominant gene.这种疾病受一个显性基因控制。朗文当代〔epistasis〕Genetics An interaction between nonallelic genes, especially an interaction in which one gene suppresses the expression of another.【遗传学】 异位显性：非等位基因的相互作用，尤其是一个基因对另一个基因所表现的显性现象美国传统〔evidence〕Evidence is accumulating that a defective gene may be responsible for this disease.越来越多的证据表明该疾病可能是由一种有缺陷的基因引起的。牛津搭配〔expression〕Genetics The act or process of expressing a gene.【遗传学】 基因显现：显现基因的行为或过程美国传统〔expressivity〕Genetics The degree to which an expressed gene produces its effects in an organism.【遗传学】 基因的表现度：描述一个组织中的一个基因产生作用的程度美国传统〔express〕Half of the people who inherit the gene express it.半数有这种遗传基因的人，皆显示出其影响美国传统〔express〕The gene expressed itself under specific environmental conditions.基因在特殊的环境会表现显性美国传统〔factor〕A gene. No longer in technical usage.基因：基因。不再用于专业用语美国传统〔flawed〕Experts say the flawed gene triggers cancer.专家们说有缺陷的基因会引发癌症。麦克米伦高阶〔fuse〕Genes determine how we develop from the moment the sperm fuses with the egg.从精子和卵子结合的那一刻起，基因就决定了我们会如何成长。剑桥高阶〔gene flow〕Transfer of genes from one population to another of the same species, as by migration or the dispersal of seeds and pollen.基因流动：基因从一族群向另一相同族群种源的转化，以迁徙或种子和花粉的撒播为方式美国传统〔gene frequency〕The frequency of occurrence of an allele in relation to that of other alleles of the same gene in a population.基因频率：等位基因出现的频率，与一组人口中相同基因的等位基因有关美国传统〔genetic drift〕Random fluctuations in the frequency of the appearance of a gene in a small, isolated population, presumably owing to chance rather than natural selection.遗传漂变：在一个小的、与世隔绝的种族里，基因面貌频率上的偶然波动，可能因为偶然性而不是自然选择美国传统〔genetic map〕A graphic representation of the arrangement of genes or mutable sites on a chromosome.基因图谱：基因调整或一个染色体上的可变位点的图解描绘美国传统〔genetic screening〕The process of analyzing DNA samples to detect the presence of a gene or genes associated with an inherited disorder.遗传筛检：通过分析脱氧核糖核酸样本来检测与遗传性紊乱关联的基因的过程美国传统〔genetic〕Of or relating to genetics or genes.基因的，遗传的：属于或关于遗传或基因的美国传统〔gene〕Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指 DNA 密码的改变。牛津搭配〔gene〕Genes control the development of an embryo.基因控制胚胎发育。牛津搭配〔gene〕A gene pool of at least 300 animals is necessary to maintain a healthy tiger population.需要一个至少有 300 头动物的基因库才能维持一个健康的老虎种群。牛津搭配〔gene〕An individual may pass on to future generations its genes for tallness.一个人身高的基因可能会遗传给其后代。牛津搭配〔gene〕He believes that shyness is in the genes.遗传的麦克米伦高阶〔gene〕His genes are good.他的遗传因子很好。(指其父母身体健康且智能优良)英汉大词典〔gene〕I've always enjoyed music—it's in the genes.我向来喜欢音乐，这是拜父母所赐。牛津高阶〔gene〕She inherited a good set of genes from her parents.她继承了父母的良好基因。韦氏高阶〔gene〕The gene is passed on to their children.这种基因遗传给了他们的孩子。牛津搭配〔gene〕The illness is believed to be caused by a defective gene.据信，这种疾病是由基因缺陷引起的。剑桥高阶〔gene〕We may be able to identify the genes responsible for disease resistance.我们也许能识别出抗病基因。牛津搭配〔genic〕Of, relating to, produced by, or being genes or a gene.基因的：基因的，与基因有关的，基因产生的美国传统〔genome〕A complete haploid set of chromosomes with its associated genes.染色体组，基因组：染色体及其相关基因的一个完整的单倍体组美国传统〔genomics〕The study of all of the nucleotide sequences, including structural genes, regulatory sequences, and noncoding DNA segments, in the chromosomes of an organism.基因组：对所有核苷酸序列的研究，包括生物染色体中的结构基因、调节序列和未编码的脱氧核糖核酸节段美国传统〔heterozygote〕An organism that has different alleles at a particular gene locus on homologous chromosomes.杂合体：在同源染色体的某一特定基因位点上有不同的等位基因的有机体美国传统〔holandric〕Relating to a trait encoded by a gene or genes located on the Y-chromosome and therefore occurring only in males.伴雄性遗传：由一个基因或几个非同种的Y染色体传递因而只在雄性中遗传的美国传统〔homeobox gene〕One of a group of genes with a shared nucleotide segment that are involved in the formation of bodily segmentation during embryologic development.同源框基因，同源分子基因：胚胎学发展过程中身体复杂的细胞分裂，参与体节形成的共有核苷酸节段的基因组之一美国传统〔homologous〕Genetics Having the same morphology and linear sequence of gene loci as another chromosome.【遗传学】 同源的：与另一个染色体在遗传座位组合和其可见结构上一致的美国传统〔homozygote〕An organism that has the same alleles at a particular gene locus on homologous chromosomes.纯合子：在同源染色体上某一特定基因座有相同等位基因的生物体美国传统〔homozygous〕Having the same alleles at a particular gene locus on homologous chromosomes.纯合的：在同源染色体上某一特定基因座有相同等位基因的美国传统〔identification〕Their work includes the identification of genes which govern the growth rate and fertility.他们的工作包括找出那些控制生长率和繁殖能力的基因。柯林斯高阶〔identification〕There has been a breakthrough in the identification of cancer genes.在识别癌症基因方面已经取得了突破。外研社新世纪〔identify〕Scientists have identified the gene that causes abnormal growth.科学家已发现造成畸形发育的基因。朗文当代〔incomplete dominance〕A heterozygous condition in which both alleles at a gene locus are partially expressed, often producing an intermediate phenotype.不完全显性：基因所在地的等位基因均被部分显示出来的杂合情况，常产生中级显型美国传统〔individual〕Each individual receives two genes, one inherited from each parent.每个人都有两个基因，一个来自母亲，一个来自父亲。朗文当代〔inducer〕One that induces, especially a substance that is capable of activating specific genes within a cell.诱导物：诱导的人或事物，尤指在细胞中可以激发产生某种基因的物质美国传统〔inheritance〕A particular gene is responsible for the inheritance of eye colour.眼睛颜色的遗传取决于特定的基因。剑桥高阶〔insertion〕Scientists hope that the insertion of normal genes into the diseased cells will provide a cure.科学家们希望在病变细胞里植入正常基因会成为一种新的有效疗法。剑桥高阶〔interfere〕The defective gene interferes with normal body processes.缺损的基因会扰乱正常的身体变化进程。麦克米伦高阶〔interplay〕Our personalities result from the complex interplay between our genes and our environment.我们的个性是基因与环境之间复杂的相互影响的结果。剑桥高阶〔introgression〕Infiltration of the genes of one species into the gene pool of another through repeated backcrossing of an interspecific hybrid with one of its parents.基因渗入：一物种的基因通过不断地与另一物种基因的亲代种间逆向杂交，而渗透进另一物种基因库的过程美国传统〔intron〕A segment of a gene situated between axons that does not function in coding for protein synthesis.基因内区：位于对蛋白质合成指定的遗传密码不起作用的神经轴突之间的基因体节美国传统〔in〕Debbie Reynolds co-starred with Gene Kelly in Singin' in the Rain.戴比·雷诺兹和吉恩·凯利联袂主演了《雨中曲》。麦克米伦高阶〔isolate〕Genetic engineering techniques can isolate the gene that is responsible.基因工程技术可以离析出相关的基因。外研社新世纪〔isolate〕Researchers are still trying to isolate the gene that causes this abnormality.研究人员仍然在试图分离导致这种畸形的基因。牛津高阶〔isolate〕We can use genetic engineering techniques to isolate the gene that is responsible.我们可以使用基因工程技术把相关基因分离出来。柯林斯高阶〔jacket〕Gene has to wear a jacket and tie to work.吉恩上班得穿西装打领带。朗文当代〔layperson〕How would you explain to the layperson how gene therapy works? 外行人；一般信徒麦克米伦高阶〔lethal gene〕A gene whose expression results in the death of the organism.致死基因：一种表现会导致有机组织死亡的基因美国传统〔line〕This particular gene is passed down through the male line.这一特定的基因是通过父系遗传的。朗文当代〔linkage group〕A pair or set of genes on a chromosome that tend to be transmitted together.连锁群：同时被遗传的一对或一组同一染色体的基因美国传统〔linkage〕Genetics An association between two or more genes such that the traits they control tend to be inherited together.【遗传学】 连锁：两个或多个基因之间的一种关系，使得其携带的特征可被一起遗传美国传统〔locate〕The scientists want to locate the position of the gene on a chromosome.科学家们希望找出该基因在染色体中的位置。柯林斯高阶〔locate〕The scientists want to locate the position of the gene on a chromosome.科学家想找到该基因在染色体上的位置。外研社新世纪〔locus〕The position that a given gene occupies on a chromosome.基因座：在一条染色体上某种给定基因所占的位置美国传统〔major histocompatibility complex〕A group of genes that code for cell-surface histocompatibility antigens and are the principle determinants of tissue type and transplant compatibility.主组织抗原性复合基因：指定细胞表面组织兼容性抗原遗传密码的基因组，是组织类型和移植兼容性的主要决定因素美国传统〔map〕Genetics To locate (a gene or DNA sequence) in a specific region of a chromosome in relation to known genes or DNA sequences.【遗传学】 比对：将（一个基因或DNA序列）放入与已知基因或DNA序列有关的染色体的特定区域美国传统〔marry up〕The technique maps the genes unique to the individual and then marries them up with DNA common to all humans.这项技术绘制出了个体化基因, 并把它们同人类共同的DNA匹配起来。外研社新世纪〔meme〕A meme is the cultural equivalent of the unit of physical heredity, the gene.文化中的模因相当于遗传中的基因。剑桥高阶〔memory〕The actors share fond memories of what Gene meant to them.这些演员都深情怀念吉恩对他们的重要意义。牛津搭配〔molecular knife〕A synthetic enzyme capable of cutting out and destroying specific genes such as those in a virus that control its replication or the production of a protein.分子刀：一种可以切断或摧毁特定基因的合成酶，如生长在病毒中控制其复制或蛋白质再生的基因美国传统〔monogenic〕Of or regulated by one gene or one of a pair of allelic genes.单基因的：一个基因的或一对双基因之一的或由它调节的美国传统〔monohybrid〕The hybrid of parents that differ at only one gene locus, for which each parent is homozygous with a different allele.单因子杂种：杂交的双亲只有一个基因位置不同，对它来说，每个亲本是有一个不同的等位基因混合的美国传统〔multiple allele〕Any of a set of three or more alleles, or alternative states of a gene, only two of which can be present in a diploid organism.复等位基因：一组三个或更多基因或基因可选择状态中的任何一个，在二倍体有机体中仅有二个基因同时存在美国传统〔mutant〕The overwhelming majority of these mutant genes are harmful to the organisms in which they arise.这些突变基因中的绝大多数会对所在的有机体有害。外研社新世纪〔mutant〕This mutant gene is thought to cause cancer.人们认为这种突变基因会致癌。剑桥高阶〔mutate〕He found evidence of mutated forms of the gene.他找到了该基因出现了变异形式的证据。柯林斯高阶〔mutate〕He found evidence of mutated forms of the gene.他找到了这种基因变异形式的证据。外研社新世纪〔mutate〕The genes are mutated by irradiation or chemicals.基因会因为放射或化学药物而发生突变。外研社新世纪〔mutate〕The technique has been to mutate the genes by irradiation or chemicals.该技术是通过放射线照射或者使用化学方法使基因变异。柯林斯高阶〔mutation〕A sudden structural change within a gene or chromosome of an organism resulting in the creation of a new character or trait not found in the parental type.突变，变种：生物体的基因或者染色体的突变，产生一种父代所没有的新的特征或者特性美国传统〔mutation〕Environmental pressures encourage genes with certain mutations to persist and others to die out.环境的影响使发生了某些突变的基因存活下来，另一些则消亡了。剑桥高阶〔natural selection〕Natural selection ensures only the fittest survive to pass their genes on to the next generation.自然选择确保只有最适应环境的物种得以存活下来, 把基因传给下一代。外研社新世纪〔natural selection〕Natural selection ensures only the fittest survive to pass their genes on to the next generation.自然选择确保只有最适应环境的物种得以存活下来，把基因传给下一代。柯林斯高阶〔oncogene〕A gene that causes the transformation of normal cells into cancerous tumor cells, especially a viral gene that transforms a host cell into a tumor cell.致癌基因：导致正常细胞转变为癌变细胞的基因，尤其是一种把寄主的细胞变为肿瘤细胞的病毒基因美国传统〔open〕Research on genes should open the door to exciting new medical treatments.基因研究应该会为令人振奋的新疗法的诞生创造机会。朗文当代〔operator〕A chromosomal segment of DNA that regulates the activity of the structural genes of an operon by interacting with a specific repressor.DNA中的染色体元素：DNA中的染色体，它是通过与一特殊的约束因子相互作用而控制遗传子结构基因的行为美国传统〔organism〕Genes operate together in determining the characteristics of an individual organism .基因协同工作来决定单个有机体的特征。朗文当代〔organize〕We are learning about how genes are organized.我们在了解基因是如何排列的。朗文当代〔parasexual〕Of, relating to, or involving a form of reproduction in which recombination of genes from different individuals occurs without meiosis and fertilization.准性的，拟有性的：属于、有关或包含一种来自各个体的基因重组时没有减数分裂和受精作用的生殖形式的美国传统〔pass〕Genes are the means by which parents' characteristics are passed on to their children.基因是一系列遗传指令，父母的特征通过它们遗传给子女。剑桥高阶〔permutation〕Variation among humans is limited to the possible permutations of our genes.人与人之间的差异受我们可能携有的基因序列的限制。外研社新世纪〔permutation〕Variation among humans is limited to the possible permutations of our genes.人类的变异受限于我们的基因可能存在哪些排列。柯林斯高阶〔plasmagene〕A self-replicating hereditary structure thought to exist in cytoplasm and function in a manner analogous to, but independent of, chromosomal genes.细胞质基因：被认为存在在细胞质中，活动方式类似于染色体基因但独立于它的能自我复制的遗传结构美国传统〔pleiotropism〕The control by a single gene of several distinct and seemingly unrelated phenotypic effects.多效作用：受具有若干独特的、看似与表现效果不相关的单个基因的控制美国传统〔point mutation〕A mutation that affects only one or a few nucleotides in a gene.基因点突变：在一个基因中，只影响一个或几个核苷酸的突变美国传统〔pool〕They share a common gene pool.他们共用一个基因库。牛津搭配〔position effect〕Variation in the expression of a gene resulting from changes in its position along a chromosome.位置效应：由于基因沿染色体排列位置的变化而引起的基因表示的变化美国传统〔predetermine〕It's impossible to say how much a person's behaviour is predetermined by their genes.很难说一个人的行为有多少是由遗传基因预先决定的。剑桥高阶〔principally〕Embryonic development seems to be controlled principally by a very small number of master genes.胚胎发育似乎主要受制于少数主导基因。柯林斯高阶〔prophage〕The latent form of a bacteriophage in which the viral genes are incorporated into the bacterial chromosomes without causing disruption of the bacterial cell.原噬菌体：抗菌体的潜在形体，在这种形体中病毒基因和细菌染色体结合，而对细菌细胞不能造成分裂美国传统〔proto-oncogene〕A normal gene that has the potential to become an oncogene.原致肿瘤基因：一种有可能成为肿瘤基因的正常基因美国传统〔pseudogene〕A segment of DNA resembling a gene but lacking a genetic function.假遗传因子：DNA（脱氧核糖核酸）的一部分，类似于遗传因子但没有其遗传功能美国传统〔recessive〕Sickle-cell anaemia is passed on through a recessive gene.镰状细胞贫血是通过隐性基因遗传的。外研社新世纪〔recessive〕Sickle-cell anaemia is passed on through a recessive gene.镰状细胞贫血通过隐性基因遗传给后代。柯林斯高阶〔reference〕Gene frequencies were calculated then compared with the Finnish population as a reference group.先对基因频率进行了计算，然后以芬兰人口为参照组进行了对比。牛津搭配〔repetition〕Collins wants to avoid repetition of the confusion that followed the discovery in 1989 of the cystic fibrosis gene.科林斯想要避免1989年发现囊肿性纤维化致病基因后的那种混乱局面再次出现。柯林斯高阶〔reproduce〕Genes are those tiny bits of biological information swapped in sexual reproduction.基因是在有性繁殖中交换的微小生物信息。柯林斯高阶〔sequence〕The project is nothing less than mapping every gene sequence in the human body.这个项目就是要绘制人体所有基因序列的图谱。柯林斯高阶〔sex factor〕A gene or chromosome that determines sex.决定性别的基因或染色体美国传统〔sex linkage〕The condition in which a gene responsible for a specific trait is located on a sex chromosome, resulting in sexually dependent inheritance of the trait.性连锁：将形成特定遗传特征的基因定位于性染色体的状况，由此产生性依赖型的遗传特征美国传统〔sex-linked〕Carried by a sex chromosome, especially an X chromosome. Used of genes.伴性的：由性染色体携带，尤指x染色体。用于基因美国传统〔sickle cell trait〕A hereditary condition, usually harmless and without symptoms, in which an individual carries only one gene for sickle cell anemia.镰状细胞性状（或特征）：一种遗传性状况，通常无害且无病症，只携带一个镰状细胞性贫血症基因美国传统〔splice〕The genes could be spliced into the DNA of bacteria.基因可被接入细菌的DNA。外研社新世纪〔strand〕These genes are not all located on the same DNA strand.这些基因并不都在同一DNA链上。外研社新世纪〔structural gene〕A gene that determines the amino acid sequence of a protein.结构基因：决定蛋白质的氨基酸顺序的基因美国传统〔supergene〕A group of closely linked genes occupying a large chromosomal segment and frequently functioning as a genetic unit.超基因：占据一具较大的染色体片断，并且经常以单个基因单位起作用的一组紧密连接的基因美国传统〔suppressor〕A gene that suppresses the phenotypic expression of another gene, especially of a mutant gene. 抑制基因：抑制另一基因存在，尤指突变基因美国传统〔sweeping〕It is far too early to make sweeping statements about gene therapy.现在对基因疗法下结论还为时过早。柯林斯高阶〔sweeping〕It is far too early to make sweeping statements about gene therapy.现在就对基因疗法下结论还为时过早。外研社新世纪〔synteny〕The condition of two or more genes being located on the same chromosome whether or not there is demonstrable linkage between them.同线性：两个或多个基因，无论它们之间在遗传上是否表现为连锁，都位于同一染色体对的状态美国传统〔tallness〕An offspring from a short and a tall parent may be medium-sized; but it carries genes for shortness and tallness.父母一高一矮, 其子女可能是中等身材, 但是会携带矮个和高个的基因。外研社新世纪〔tat〕A gene in the AIDS virus that stimulates the host cell to replicate genetic components of the virus.转移活化基因：爱滋病病毒中的一种基因，能刺激寄生细胞复制爱滋病病毒的基因成分美国传统〔test〕Girls in an affected family can also be tested to see if they carry the defective gene.染病家庭的女孩们也可以检查一下, 看看是否携带这种缺陷基因。外研社新世纪〔test〕Girls in an affected family can also be tested to see if they carry the defective gene.染病家庭的女孩们也可以检查一下，看看是否携带这种缺陷基因。柯林斯高阶〔track〕Scientists tracked down the cause of the disease to a particular gene.科学家们查出这种病是由某种基因引起的。韦氏高阶〔transgene〕A gene used in in transgenesis.转基因：用于基因转置的基因美国传统〔trihybrid〕The hybrid of parents that differ at only three gene loci, for which each parent is homozygous.三对基因杂种：仅有三个基因座不同的亲本的杂种，每个亲本都是与之同型的美国传统〔understanding〕The students seem to have a reasonable level of understanding of how genes work.学生们似乎对基因的作用原理有一定的理解。牛津搭配〔unifactorial〕Involving, dependent on, or controlled by a single gene.单一基因的：包含、决定于单一基因的或由单一基因控制的美国传统〔virogene〕A gene capable of specifying the synthesis of a virus in a cell.病毒基因：在细胞中对病毒的合成起专门作用的基因美国传统〔way〕The study of genes has come a long way in recent years. () 最近几年的基因研究取得了很大进展。牛津搭配Genes are the instructions by which parents’characteristics are passed on to their children.基因是指令，通过这些指令父母的特点传到他们孩子身上。剑桥国际Genes are transmitted from one generation to another. 基因代代相传。译典通Genes determine how we develop from the moment the sperm fuses with the egg.从精子与卵子结合那一刻起，基因就决定了我们会如何成长。剑桥国际A particular gene is responsible for the inheritance of eye colour.某个特定的基因是眼睛颜色遗传的原因。剑桥国际Dr Sewards estimates that as many as 1 in every 7 of the community is a carrier of the defective gene.苏厄德博士估计该社区每7人中有一人是缺陷基因的携带者。剑桥国际Environmental pressures encourage genes with certain mutations to persist and others to die out.环境的影响使突变的基因存留而其它的消亡。剑桥国际He said that toxic chemicals are having a seriously harmful effect on the human gene pool.他说有毒化学物质对人类基因库有很严重的危害。剑桥国际Quantitative analysis shows that 36% of the population carry this gene.定量分析显示出36%的人口携带这种基因。剑桥国际Scientists are trying to find the gene responsible for the disease.科学家正试图找出引起该病发生的基因。剑桥国际Scientists hope that the insertion of normal genes into the diseased cells will provide a cure.科学家们希望在患病细胞里植入正常基因会提供一种治疗方法。剑桥国际The disease is thought to be caused by a cluster of genes which interlink and work together in a complex way.该疾病被认为是由一群互相连结并以某种复杂的方式共同作用的基因引起的。剑桥国际The disease is thought to be caused by a cluster of interlinked genes, working together in a complex way.该疾病被认为是由一群互相连结并以某种复杂的方式共同作用引起的。剑桥国际The illness is believed to be caused by a defective gene.这病被认为是由基因缺陷引起的。剑桥国际This giant spider was created out of the mutation of the genes of a normal spider. 这只大蜘蛛是因为普通蜘蛛的基因突变而造成的。译典通This mutant gene is thought to cause cancer.这种突变基因被认为是致癌的。剑桥国际Two genes that encode eye-pigment proteins have been found on this chromosome.两个将眼色素蛋白译成密码的基因在这个染色体上发现了。剑桥国际We know a lot about the structure of genes now. 如今我们对基因的结构有了较多的了解。译典通You inherit (= receive from a parent) half your genes from your mother and half from your father.你遗传了你母亲的一半基因和你父亲的一半基因。剑桥国际 |
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