| 单词 | electron |
| 释义 | DEFINITIVE EXAMPLES 权威例句〔BeV〕Billion electron volts.十亿电子伏美国传统〔Bohr theory〕An early model of atomic structure in which electrons travel around the nucleus in a number of discrete stable orbits determined by quantum conditions.玻尔理论：早期关于原子结构的模型，在其中电子在由量子条件决定的为数众多的分离的稳定轨道上围绕原子核运行美国传统〔Compton effect〕The increase in wavelength of electromagnetic radiation, especially of an x-ray or a gamma-ray photon, scattered by an electron.康普顿效应：X射线或γ射线的光子与电子发生碰撞并被散射时，电磁辐射的波长同时增加的现象美国传统〔ESR〕Electron spin resonance.电子旋转共振美国传统〔HIT〕Electrons move around quickly, hitting and then rebounding off each other. 电子高速移动，互相撞击反弹。朗文写作活用〔Josephson effect〕The radiative effect associated with the passage of electron pairs across an insulating barrier separating two superconductors.约瑟夫森效应：在电子对通过分开两超导体的绝缘势垒时所产生的电磁辐射效应美国传统〔SPEED〕We are trying to measure the position and momentum of an electron as accurately as possible. 我们在想办法尽可能精确地测出电子的位置和动力。朗文写作活用〔acceptor〕The atom that contributes no electrons to a covalent bond.受体：没有给共价键提供电子的原子美国传统〔acid〕A molecule or ion that can combine with another by forming a covalent bond with two electrons of the other.分子，离子：可通过两个电子形成共价键而结合在一块的分子或离子美国传统〔acid〕An electron acceptor.电子受体美国传统〔amplifier〕Electronics A device, especially one using transistors or electron tubes, that produces amplification of an electrical signal.【电子学】 放大器：尤指利用晶体管或电子管使电子信号放大的仪器美国传统〔annihilate〕To participate in annihilation, as do an electron and a positron.湮灭，湮没：湮灭，如电子与正电子美国传统〔anode〕A positively charged electrode, as of an electrolytic cell, a storage battery, or an electron tube.阳极，正极：电解电池、蓄电池或电子管的正电电极美国传统〔band〕A range of very closely spaced electron energy levels in solids, the distribution and nature of which determine the electrical properties of a material.能带：固体中间隔很近的电子能级范围，其分布和特点决定该材料的性质美国传统〔base〕A substance that provides a pair of electrons for a covalent bond with an acid.共价化合物：能够提供一对电子给一个酸形成共价键的化合物美国传统〔behave〕Under certain conditions, electrons can behave like waves rather than particles.在一定条件下，电子可以作波状运动，而不是粒子状运动。柯林斯高阶〔beta particle〕A high-speed electron or positron, especially one emitted in radioactive decay.β粒子：一种高速电子或质子，主要在放射衰变中释放出美国传统〔beta ray〕A stream of beta particles, especially of electrons.β射线：一束β粒子，主要为电子美国传统〔betatron〕A magnetic induction electron accelerator capable of accelerating electrons to energies of several hundred million electron volts.β加速器：一种磁感应电子加速器，能将电子加速至产生几百万电子伏美国传统〔binding energy〕The net energy required to remove an atomic electron to an infinitely remote position from its orbit.结合能：把原子核内的电子从其轨道移至无限远所需要的净能量美国传统〔bioelectronics〕The study of the role of intermolecular electron transfer in physiological processes.生物电子学：生理过程中分子间电子转移作用的研究美国传统〔bombard〕Part of the sample is then bombarded by electrons.有部分样品后来被电子撞击。麦克米伦高阶〔carbanion〕An anion in which carbon carries a negative charge and an unshared pair of electrons.负碳离子，阴碳离子：一种阴离子，其中碳带一个负电荷和一个非共用电子对美国传统〔carrier〕A charge-carrying entity, especially an electron or a hole in a semiconductor.带电体：带电体，尤指一个半导体中的电子或孔穴美国传统〔cathode ray〕A stream of electrons emitted by the cathode in electrical discharge tubes.阴极射线：电子发射管的阴极放出的电子流美国传统〔cathode ray〕One of the electrons that is emitted in a stream from a cathode-ray tube.高速电子：阴极射线管放出的电子流中的电子美国传统〔cathode〕A negatively charged electrode, as of an electrolytic cell, a storage battery, or an electron tube.阴极：负电极，如电池、蓄电池或电子管的负极美国传统〔charged particle〕An elementary particle, such as a proton or an electron, with a positive or negative electric charge.带电粒子：一个携带正或负电荷的基本粒子，如质子或电子美国传统〔charge〕An electron has a negative charge.电子带负电荷。英汉大词典〔charge〕If one or more electrons be removed, the atom is said to be positively charged.如果原子失去了一个或多个电子,我们就说原子带正电荷。英汉大词典〔collector〕Electronics An electrode in an electron tube that collects electrons which have finished carrying current.【电子学】 集流器：电子管中收集已完成电流循环电子的电极美国传统〔corpuscle〕A discrete particle, such as a photon or an electron.微粒：有某种特性的微粒，如光子或电子美国传统〔covalence〕The number of electron pairs an atom can share with other atoms.共用电子对数，共价：一个原子与其他原子共用的电子的对数美国传统〔covalent bond〕A chemical bond formed by the sharing of one or more electrons, especially pairs of electrons, between atoms.共价键：原子间共用一个或多个电子，尤指成对电子而形成的化学键美国传统〔delta ray〕An electron ejected from matter by ionizing radiation.δ射线，δ粒子：受到电离辐射的物质发射出的电子美国传统〔diode〕An electron tube having a cathode and an anode.电子二极管：有一个阳极和一个阴极的电子管美国传统〔double bond〕A covalent bond in which two electron pairs are shared between two atoms.双键：两个原子之间的两个电子对的共价键美国传统〔dynode〕An electrode used in certain electron tubes to provide secondary emission.中间极，二次发射电极：一种用于一定电子管作第二次发射电极美国传统〔electron gun〕The electrode, especially in a cathode-ray tube, that produces a beam of accelerated electrons.电子枪：产生一束加速电子的电极，尤指在阴极射线管中的美国传统〔electron lens〕Any of various devices that use an electric or a magnetic field to focus a beam of electrons.电子透镜：通过一个电场或一个磁场来使一束电子会聚的一种装置美国传统〔electron micrograph〕A micrograph made by an electron microscope.电子显微照片：在电子显微镜下拍摄的显微照片美国传统〔electron microscopy〕Microscopy involving use of an electron microscope.电子显微镜学：涉及使用电子显微镜的显微镜学美国传统〔electron optics〕The science of the control of electron motion by electron lenses in systems or under conditions analogous to those involving or affecting visible light.电子光学：利用电子透镜控制电子活动的科学，用于类似涉及或影响可见光的系统内或条件下美国传统〔electron pair〕The combination of an electron and a positron as produced by a high-energy photon.电子对：高能光子产生的一个电子和一个阳电子的组合美国传统〔electron pair〕Two electrons functioning or regarded as functioning in concert, especially two electrons that form a nonpolar covalent bond between atoms.电子对：协调运行或被认为是协调运行的两个电子，尤指在原子间形成非极性共价键的两个电子美国传统〔electronegative〕Tending to attract electrons to form a chemical bond.负电极的：有吸引电子以形成化学键的倾向的美国传统〔electronic〕Of or relating to electrons.电子的：电子的或关于电子的美国传统〔electrophile〕A chemical compound or group that is attracted to electrons and tends to accept electrons.亲电子试剂：一种化学复合物或原子团，被电子吸引并具有吸引电子的倾向美国传统〔electropositive〕Tending to release electrons to form a chemical bond.有释放电子以形成化学键倾向的美国传统〔electrovalence〕Valence characterized by the transfer of electrons from atoms of one element to atoms of another during the formation of an ionic bond between the atoms.电价：在原子间形成离子键的过程中，由电子从一种元素的原子转移到另一种元素的原子所表示的价美国传统〔exciton〕An electrically neutral excited state of an insulator or semiconductor, often regarded as a bound state of an electron and a hole.激子：由于吸收光子在固体中产生的可移动的束缚的电子-空子对美国传统〔field emission〕The emission of electrons from the surface of a conductor, caused by a strong electric field.场发射：从导体表面电子的发射，由强大电场引起美国传统〔fine structure〕Physics The splitting of spectral lines caused by the magnetic moments of orbiting electrons in the atomic nucleus.【物理学】 精细结构：由于在原子核中环绕运行电子产生磁性瞬间而引起的光谱谱线的分裂美国传统〔focus〕Magnetic coils focus the electron beams into fine spots.磁线圈把电子束聚焦成微小的点。柯林斯高阶〔free radical〕An atom or group of atoms having at least one unpaired electron, which makes it highly reactive.自由基：至少有一个未配对的电子（这使它具有高度的反应性）的原子或原子团美国传统〔free radical〕An organic compound in which some of the valence electrons are unpaired, occurring as a normal byproduct of oxidation reactions in metabolism.自由基化合物：其中有一些价电子未配对的一种有机化合物，作为新陈代谢中氧化反应的正常副产物而存在美国传统〔grid〕A network or coil of fine wires located between the plate and the filament in an electron tube.栅极：在电子管中线极和阳极之间的由导电性很好的电线组成的网络或线圈美国传统〔heavy〕Protons are nearly 2,000 times as heavy as electrons.质子的质量几乎是电子的2,000倍。外研社新世纪〔heavy〕Protons are nearly 2000 times as heavy as electrons.质子的质量几乎是电子的2,000倍。柯林斯高阶〔high-energy〕Of or relating to elementary particles with energies exceeding hundreds of thousands of electron volts.高能粒子的：能量超过成千上万电子伏特的基本粒子的美国传统〔image tube〕An electronic device that uses a photoelectric surface to release electrons and ultimately produce an image.影像管，映像管：一种电子仪器，通过光电性表面放出电子而得以最终成像美国传统〔in words of one syllable〕Could you explain to me in words of one syllable how an electron microscope works? 你能用简单的话给我解释一下电子显微镜的工作原理吗？剑桥高阶〔ion trap〕A device, such as a magnet, used to prevent ions in an electron beam from striking other apparatus.离子阀：用来防止电子束中的离子击中其它设备的一种装置，如一块磁铁美国传统〔ionization potential〕The energy required to remove completely an electron from its atom.离子电位：将一个电子完全从原子中移走所需的能量美国传统〔ion〕An atom or a group of atoms that has acquired a net electric charge by gaining or losing one or more electrons.离子：由获得或失去一个或更多的电子而获取了一个净电荷的一个原子或一组原子美国传统〔isoelectronic〕Having equal numbers of electrons or the same electronic configuration.等电子的：有相同的电子数目的或有相同的电子构型的美国传统〔klystron〕An electron tube used to amplify or generate ultrahigh frequency by means of velocity modulation.速调管：一种用速度调节的方法放大或产生超高频率的电子管美国传统〔magneton〕The Bohr magneton, calculated using the mass and charge of the electron.鲍尔磁子，用电子的质量和电荷来计算美国传统〔magnification〕The electron microscope uses a beam of electrons to produce images at high magnifications.电子显微镜利用电子束形成高倍影像。外研社新世纪〔magnification〕The electron microscope uses a beam of electrons to produce images at high magnifications.电子显微镜利用电子束形成高倍影像。柯林斯高阶〔marvel〕A new technological marvel was invented at Cambridge University in England, the scanning electron microscope.一项科技新奇迹在英国剑桥大学诞生了——这就是扫描电子显微镜。柯林斯高阶〔metallic bond〕The chemical bond characteristic of metals, in which mobile valence electrons are shared among atoms in a usually stable crystalline structure.金属键：金属所特有的化学键，金属键中的游离价电子被分配在处于通常稳定的金属晶体结构的原子中美国传统〔metallography〕The study of the structure of metals and alloys, especially by optical and electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction.金相学，金属结构学：以金属与合金结构为研究对象的学科，尤指用光学和电子显微镜使用法和X射线衍射法为研究手段的美国传统〔mev〕Million electron volts.兆电子伏特：百万电子伏特美国传统〔microscope〕An instrument, such as an electron microscope, that uses electronic or other processes to magnify objects.电子显微镜：利用电子的或其它的手段来放大物体的工具，如一个电子显微镜美国传统〔modulate〕To vary (electron velocity) in an electron beam.调制：在一个电子束中改变（电子速率）美国传统〔negatively〕As these electrons are negatively charged they will attempt to repel each other.因为这些电子都带负电，它们将会互相排斥。柯林斯高阶〔negatively〕As these electrons are negatively charged, they will attempt to repel each other.由于这些电子都带负电荷的, 所以会相互排斥。外研社新世纪〔negative〕Electrons are negative.电子带负电。外研社新世纪〔negative〕Relating to or designating a body having an excess of electrons.阴电荷的：关于或表明有过量电子的躯体的美国传统〔negative〕Relating to or designating an electric charge of the same sign as that of an electron, indicated by the symbol (-).负电的，阴电的：关于或标明电的负荷和电子具有相同的符号，用符号(-)来表示的美国传统〔negatron〕An electron with a negative charge, as contrasted with a positron.电子：带有负电荷，与正电荷相反的电子美国传统〔neutral〕Atoms consist of positively-charged protons, negatively-charged electrons and neutral particles called neutrons.原子由带正电的质子、带负电的电子和称为中子的不带电粒子组成。剑桥高阶〔nucleophile〕A chemical compound or group that is attracted to nuclei and tends to donate or share electrons.亲核试剂：受核吸引并易于转移或共用电子的化学化合物美国传统〔octet〕A set of eight valence electrons in an atom or ion, forming a stable configuration.八重态：在一个原子或离子中，形成稳定组态的一组八个化合价电子美国传统〔orbital〕The wave function of an electron in an atom or molecule, indicating the electron's probable location.轨函数：描述原子或分子中某个电子运动波函数，它可指出电子的可能位置美国传统〔orbit〕The path of a body in a field of force surrounding another body; for example, the movement of an atomic electron in relation to a nucleus.力场轨道：一物体在力场中环绕另一物体运行路径，例如电子在原子核周围的运动美国传统〔oxidation-reduction〕A chemical reaction in which an atom or ion loses electrons to another atom or ion.氧化还原反应：一个原子或离子的电子转移到另一个原子或离子的一种化学反应美国传统〔oxidation〕A reaction in which the atoms in an element lose electrons and the valence of the element is correspondingly increased.氧化：一种某个元素的原子失去电子后它的原子价相应增加的反应美国传统〔oxidize〕To increase the positive charge or valence of (an element) by removing electrons.氧化：通过除去一个元素电子来增加电性或原子价美国传统〔pair〕Chemistry An electron pair.【化学】 电子偶：电子对美国传统〔particle〕Electrons are atomic particles.电子是原子粒子。剑桥高阶〔photoelectric effect〕Ejection of electrons from a substance by incident electromagnetic radiation, especially by visible light.光电效应，光电现象：由附带的电磁辐射引起的一种物质的电子散射，尤指可见光美国传统〔photoelectron〕An electron released or ejected from a substance by photoelectric effect.光电子：由光电效应引起的一种物质的电子释放或散射美国传统〔phototube〕An electron tube with a photosensitive cathode.光电管：具有感光的阴极电子管美国传统〔planetary〕The electrons moved in planetary orbits.电子在绕原子核轨道上运动。外研社新世纪〔plate〕The anode in an electron tube.阳极：电子管中的阳极美国传统〔positive〕Physics Relating to or designating electric charge of a sign opposite to that of an electron.【物理学】 正电的：与电子所带电性相反的电荷的，表示正电的或阳性的美国传统〔positronium〕A short-lived association of an electron and a positron bound together in a configuration resembling the hydrogen atom.电子偶素，正电子素：电子与正电子的短暂结合物，两者的结合物与氢原子的结构十分相似美国传统〔proton synchrotron〕A ring-shaped synchrotron that accelerates protons to energies of several billion electron volts.质子同步加速器：一个环形加速器，可使质子的能量增加到几十亿电子伏美国传统〔quantum electrodynamics〕The quantum theory of the properties and behavior of electrons and the electromagnetic field.量子电动力学：有关电子和电磁场的性质及运转的量子理论美国传统〔quantum jump〕Physics Abrupt change from one energy level to another, especially such a change in the orbit of an electron with the loss or gain of a quantum of energy.【物理学】 量子跃迁：从一能量级到另一能量级的突然变化，尤指在力场轨道中，电子失去或获得能量量子时的变化美国传统〔quark〕Atoms are made up of smaller particles - protons, neutrons and electrons - some of which are made up of even smaller ones, called quarks.原子是由更小的粒子，即质子、中子和电子组成的，其中有些是由更小的叫做夸克的粒子构成的。剑桥高阶〔radical〕Symbol R An atom or a group of atoms with at least one unpaired electron.符号 R 原子因，基团：至少有一个游离电子的原子或一组原子美国传统〔radioactivity〕The radiation, including alpha particles, nucleons, electrons, and gamma rays, emitted by a radioactive substance.辐射：由一种放射性物质发出的辐射，包括α粒子、原子核、电子、和γ射线美国传统〔read〕He is reading electron physics at Qinghua University.他现在在清华大学攻读电子物理学。21世纪英汉〔reduce〕To decrease the valence of (an atom) by adding electrons.降低原子价：通过加入电子来减少（原子的）电子价美国传统〔reducing agent〕A substance that chemically reduces other substances, especially by donating an electron or electrons.还原剂：以化学方法还原其它物质的物质，特别是通过赋予被还原物一个或数个电子美国传统〔reduction〕A decrease in positive valence or an increase in negative valence by the gaining of electrons.还原：通过获得电子而造成正价电子减少和负价电子增多美国传统〔repelled〕As these electrons are negatively charged they will attempt to repel each other.因为这些电子都是带负电荷的，它们会互相排斥。柯林斯高阶〔respiratory enzyme〕An enzyme, such as oxidase, that transfers electrons from its substrate to molecular oxygen during cellular respiration.呼吸酶：一种酶，例如氧化酶，它在细胞呼吸中将基质电子由其酶化物转化为分子氧美国传统〔scan〕A single sweep of the beam of electrons across a television screen.扫掠：电子束在电视屏幕上的扫动美国传统〔scan〕To move a finely focused beam of light or electrons in a systematic pattern over (a surface) in order to reproduce or sense and subsequently transmit an image.扫描：以系统的方式移动高度集中的光或电子束使之掠过（一个表面），目的是再现或感知并达到传递图象美国传统〔secondary electron〕An electron produced in secondary emission.二级电子：在第二次发射中产生的电子美国传统〔secondary emission〕Emission of electrons from the surface of a substance as a result of bombardment by electrons or ions.二次发射：电子或中子爆炸时产生物质表面的电子发射美国传统〔single bond〕A covalent bond in which one electron pair is shared by two atoms.单键：两个原子共用一个电子对的电子价美国传统〔space charge〕The excess of electrons or ions in a given volume.空间电荷：一定限度内过量的电子或离子美国传统〔subshell〕One or more orbitals in the electron shell of an atom.（原子）支壳层：原子之电子层中之一个或多个轨道美国传统〔sweep〕Electronics The steady motion of an electron beam across a cathode-ray tube.【电子学】 电子光束穿过阴极射线管的稳定运动美国传统〔target〕A usually metal part in an x-ray tube on which a beam of electrons is focused and from which x-rays are emitted.X射线靶，对阴极：X射线管中通常为金属的部分，该部分被一束电子所瞄准并释放出X射线美国传统〔tetrode〕A four-element electron tube containing an anode, a cathode, a control grid, and an additional electrode.四极管：包括一个阳板，一个阳极，一个控制棒和一个附加电极的四元素电子管美国传统〔thermionic emission〕Emission of thermions, especially electrons, from a conducting material at high temperatures.热离子发射：热离子发射，尤指电子在高温时由导电物质发射出来美国传统〔thermionic tube〕An electron tube in which the source of electrons is a heated electrode.热离子管：电子源是加热电极的电子管美国传统〔thermion〕An electrically charged particle, especially an electron, emitted by a conducting material at high temperatures.热离子：一带电粒子，尤指一电子，由导电材料在高温时发 射出美国传统〔thermoelectron〕An electron emitted by a material at high temperatures.热电子：某材料在高温时发射的电子美国传统〔triode〕A highly evacuated electron tube containing an anode, a cathode, and a control grid.三极管：带有阳极、阴极和控制栅极的高真空的电子管美国传统〔triple bond〕A covalent bond in which three electron pairs are shared between two atoms.三键：两个原子共享三对电子的共价键美国传统〔tube〕An electron tube.电子管美国传统〔ubiquinone〕A quinone compound that serves as an electron carrier between flavoproteins and in cellular respiration.辅酶Q：一种苯醌衍生物，在黄素蛋白中以及细胞呼吸作用为成分携带者美国传统〔ultramicrotome〕A microtome for cutting very thin sections of material for use in electron microscopy.超微切片机：用来切割在电子显微镜下观察的物体的非常细小的切片的切片机美国传统〔vacuum tube〕An electron tube from which all or most of the gas has been removed, permitting electrons to move with low interaction with any remaining gas molecules.真空管：一种内部空气全部或部分抽空的电子管，从而使电子在不受或少受空气分子的干扰下运动美国传统〔valence electron〕An electron in an outer shell of an atom that can participate in forming chemical bonds with other atoms.价电子：参与或其他原子形成化合键的原子外层电子壳层的电子美国传统〔valence shell〕The outermost shell of an atom consisting of the valence electrons.价电子层：由价电子组成的原子的最外壳层美国传统〔valence〕The combining capacity of an atom or a radical determined by the number of electrons that it will lose, add, or share when it reacts with other atoms.化合价，原子价：原子或原子团与其它原子结合的能力是由它在与其它的原子结合时所丢失、增加或共享的电子的数目决定的美国传统〔valve〕Chiefly British An electron tube or a vacuum tube.【多用于英国】 电子管或真空管美国传统〔whole〕An atom itself is a complete whole, with its electrons, protons and neutrons and other elements.一个原子本身就是一个完整的整体，包括电子、质子、中子及其他元素。柯林斯高阶〔work function〕The minimum amount of energy required to remove an electron from the surface of a metal.功函数：把粒子以金属表面移动出来所需的最小能量美国传统〔x-ray tube〕A vacuum tube containing electrodes that accelerate electrons and direct them to a metal anode, where their impacts produce x-rays.X射线管：一种含电极的真空管，它能使电子束加速并将其指向金属阳极而产生X射线美国传统A proton has positive charge and an electron has negative charge.质子带正电荷，电子带负电荷。剑桥国际Atoms consist of positively-charged protons, negatively-charged electrons and neutral particles called neutrons.原子由带正电荷的质子、带负电荷的电子和称为中子的不带电微粒构成。剑桥国际The company has developed a new way of sterilizing syringes using an electron beam.这家公司研究出一种用电子光束给注射器杀菌的新方法。剑桥国际The transmitter was pulsed by an electron tube. 电子管使发射器产生脉冲波。译典通 |
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