| 单词 | 逻辑学 |
| 释义 | DEFINITIVE EXAMPLES 权威例句〔Aristotelian logic〕Aristotle's deductive method of logic, especially the theory of the syllogism.亚里士多德逻辑学：亚里士多德的逻辑演绎方法，尤指三段论美国传统〔Euclid〕Greek mathematician who applied the deductive principles of logic to geometry, thereby deriving statements from clearly defined axioms.欧几里德：古希腊数学家，他把逻辑学中的演绎原理应用到几何学中，籍以由定义明确的公理导出语句美国传统〔Grice〕British logician best known for his studies of the pragmatics of communication and his theory of conversational maxims.葛莉丝，荷伯特·保罗：英国逻辑学家，以其对通讯的语用学研究及其会话箴言理论著称于世美国传统〔accident〕Logic A circumstance or an attribute that is not essential to the nature of something.【逻辑学】 偶有属性：并非事物本质属性的情况或特性美国传统〔adjunct〕Logic A nonessential attribute of a thing.【逻辑学】 偶有属性：非本质属性美国传统〔analytics〕The branch of logic dealing with analysis.分析学：逻辑学关于分析的一个分支美国传统〔antecedent〕Logic The conditional member of a hypothetical proposition.【逻辑学】 前提，前提条件：假设命题中的条件美国传统〔argument〕Logic The minor premise in a syllogism.【逻辑学】 三段论中的小前提美国传统〔assumption〕Logic A minor premise.【逻辑学】 小前提美国传统〔circle〕Logic A vicious circle.【逻辑学】 恶性循环美国传统〔colligate〕Logic To bring (isolated facts) together by an explanation or hypothesis that applies to them all.【逻辑学】 综合：用一种普遍适用的解释或假设将孤立的事例结合在一起美国传统〔commute〕Logic Mathematics To satisfy or engage in a commutative operation.【逻辑学】 【数学】 直接转换：符合或从事交换操作美国传统〔complement〕Logic Mathematics For a universal set, the set of all elements in the set that are not in a specified subset.【逻辑学】 【数学】 补集：对任意一个集合，这个集合的所有元素不共存在于它的任一子集合美国传统〔comprehension〕Logic The sum of meanings and corresponding implications inherent in a term.【逻辑学】 内涵：一个名辞里固有的含义和暗含意思的总和美国传统〔condition〕Logic A proposition on which another proposition depends; the antecedent of a conditional proposition.【逻辑学】 前提：为另外一命题所依赖的命题；先决条件美国传统〔conjunct〕Logic One of the components of a conjunction.【逻辑学】 合取支：合取式的一个命题美国传统〔connotation〕Logic The set of attributes constituting the meaning of a term; intension.【逻辑学】 内涵：包含某单词意思的一系列属性；含义美国传统〔consecution〕Logic The relation of consequent to antecedent; deduction.【逻辑学】 推理：前后因果关系；推理美国传统〔consequent〕Logic The conclusion, as of a syllogism or a conditional sentence.【逻辑学】 结论：结论，如三段论中的推断或条件句中的结论句美国传统〔converse〕Logic A proposition obtained by conversion.【逻辑学】 逆命题：通过换位得到的命题美国传统〔conversion〕Logic The interchange of the subject and predicate of a proposition.【逻辑学】 换位（法）：一个命题中主项和谓项的互换美国传统〔convert〕Logic To transform (a proposition) by conversion.【逻辑学】 转换：通过换位改变（一个命题）美国传统〔copula〕Logic The word or set of words that serves as a link between the subject and predicate of a proposition.【逻辑学】 联项：在一个命题的主项和谓项间起联系作用的词或词组美国传统〔deictic〕Logic Directly proving by argument.【逻辑学】 直接论证的美国传统〔determine〕Logic To explain or limit by adding differences.【逻辑学】 通过增加种差加以解释或限制美国传统〔dilemma〕Logic An argument that presents an antagonist with a choice of two or more alternatives, each of which contradicts the original contention and is conclusive.【逻辑学】 二难推理，两刀论法：在两个或两个以上可供选择的对象中提供一种选择，但不管选择那一个对象，它同样又是反对这一选择的决定性论证美国传统〔disjunction〕Logic A proposition that presents two or more alternative terms, with the assertion that only one is true.【逻辑学】 析取命题，选言命题：一个命题，具有两个或两个以上可选项，其中只有一个是正确的美国传统〔distribute〕Logic To use (a term) so as to include all individuals or entities of a given class.【逻辑学】 周延：用（一个术语）来包含某一类中的所有个体或实体美国传统〔equipollent〕Logic Validly derived from each other; deducible.【逻辑学】 可推断的：可以有效地相互推出的；可推断的美国传统〔extension〕Logic The class of objects designated by a specific term or concept; denotation.【逻辑学】 外延，概说：用特定的词或概念来标明的学科种类；外延美国传统〔extreme〕Logic The major or minor term of a syllogism.【逻辑学】 大前提，小前提：三段论中的大前提或小前提美国传统〔figure〕Logic Any one of the forms that a syllogism can take, depending on the position of the middle term.【逻辑学】 格：依靠中项的位置的三段论有的任一种形式美国传统〔genus〕Logic A class of objects divided into subordinate species having certain common attributes.【逻辑学】 属：分为若干亚种的、有某共同性质的一类事物美国传统〔indirect〕Logic Involving, relating to, or being the proof of a statement by the demonstration of the impossibility or absurdity of the statement's negation.【逻辑学】 间接证明的，反证的：是、属于或与间接证明方法有关的，即通过表明论点对立面的不可能性或荒谬性，来证明论点的正确性美国传统〔intension〕Logic The sum of the attributes contained in a term.【逻辑学】 内涵：一个术语所包含的特性的要点美国传统〔logician〕A practitioner of a system of logic.逻辑学家：使用某一逻辑体系的人美国传统〔logician〕A student or scholar of logic.讲逻辑者：研究逻辑学的学生或学者美国传统〔logic〕Apart from criminal investigation techniques, students learn forensic medicine, philosophy and logic.除罪案调查技巧外，学生们还要学习法医学、哲学和逻辑学。柯林斯高阶〔logic〕The students study philosophy and logic.学生们学习哲学和逻辑学。外研社新世纪〔mean〕Logic The middle term in a syllogism.【逻辑学】 三段论的中项美国传统〔member〕Logic A proposition of a syllogism.【逻辑学】 分子：三段论法中命题之一美国传统〔middle〕Logic A middle term.【逻辑学】 中项美国传统〔minor〕Logic Dealing with a more restricted category.【逻辑学】 小（项）的；小前提的：与一个更严格的类别有关的美国传统〔modal〕Logic Expressing or characterized by modality.【逻辑学】 程式的：用程式表示的或以其为特征的美国传统〔mood〕Logic The arrangement or form of a syllogism.【逻辑学】 三段论形式：三段论法的排列或形式美国传统〔negative〕Logic Designating a proposition that denies agreement between a subject and its predicate.【逻辑学】 否认一致的，否定的：指出一个否认主语及其表语一致关系的主张的美国传统〔obversion〕Logic Inference of the obverse of a proposition.【逻辑学】 换质法：推导一个命题的方法美国传统〔obvert〕Logic To subject (a proposition) to obversion.【逻辑学】 用换质法说明（事物）：将一命题作换质处理美国传统〔opposition〕Logic The relation existing between two propositions having an identical subject and predicate but differing in quantity, quality, or both.【逻辑学】 对向：逻辑学中出现的在两物体之间的关系，两物体同主题但质量不同美国传统〔particular〕Logic A particular proposition.【逻辑学】 特称命题美国传统〔particular〕Logic Encompassing some but not all of the members of a class or group. Used of a proposition.【逻辑学】 特称的：包含一类或一个群体中的一些而非全体的。用于一个介词中美国传统〔philosophy〕The science comprising logic, ethics, aesthetics, metaphysics, and epistemology.哲学：由逻辑学、伦理学、美学、文学和认识论组成的学科美国传统〔positivism〕The application of this doctrine in logic, epistemology, and ethics.实证哲学：实证主义在逻辑学、认识论及伦理学中的运用美国传统〔predicable〕Logic One of five general attributes of a subject or class, traditionally including genus, species, property, differentia, and accident.【逻辑学】 宾词：主体或类别的五个共同属性之一，传统上包括类、种、固有性、特异性和偶然性美国传统〔predicament〕Logic One of the basic states or classifications described by Aristotle into which all things can be placed; a category.【逻辑学】 范畴：亚里士多德所描绘的可以放置所有事物的基本状态或分类之一；范畴美国传统〔predicate〕Logic To make (a term or an expression) the predicate of a proposition.【逻辑学】 谓项，阐述：使（一个术语或表达）成为一命题的谓项美国传统〔quality〕Logic The positive or negative character of a proposition.【逻辑学】 命题的性质：命题的肯定或否定的性质美国传统〔quantity〕Logic The exact character of a proposition in reference to its universality, singularity, or particularity.【逻辑学】 （命题的）量：关于某一命题的普遍性、独特性或特殊性的正确属性美国传统〔reason〕Logic A premise, usually the minor premise, of an argument.【逻辑学】 前提：某个论证的前提，常指小前提美国传统〔repugnance〕Logic The relationship of contradictory terms; inconsistency.【逻辑学】 矛盾：相互对立的条件之间的关系；不一致美国传统〔repugnant〕Logic Contradictory; inconsistent.【逻辑学】 不一致的：矛盾的；不一致的美国传统〔searching〕They asked her some searching questions on moral philosophy and logic.他们深入询问了她一些有关伦理学和逻辑学的问题。柯林斯高阶〔singular〕Logic Of or relating to the specific as distinguished from the general; individual.【逻辑学】 单称的：与一般不同的特定个体的或与之有关的；单独的美国传统〔some〕Logic Being part and perhaps all of a class.【逻辑学】 某类的部分或有可能全部美国传统〔sound〕Logic Of or relating to an argument in which all the premises are true and the conclusion follows from the premises.【逻辑学】 推理的：某种论点的或与之有关的，这种论点中的所有前提都是真实的，而且结论来源于前提美国传统〔species〕Logic A class of individuals or objects grouped by virtue of their common attributes and assigned a common name; a division subordinate to a genus.【逻辑学】 个体：按照共同的属性对个体或物体进行的分类，并指定共有的名称；属的下级分类美国传统〔subaltern〕Logic A subaltern proposition.【逻辑学】 特称命题美国传统〔subaltern〕Logic In the relation of a particular proposition to a universal with the same subject, predicate, and quality.【逻辑学】 特称的：与具有相同全项、谓项及质量全称的相对而言的美国传统〔subject〕Logic The term of a proposition about which something is affirmed or denied.【逻辑学】 主词，主项，主概念：逻辑命题中的一个词，它表示肯定或否定的论题美国传统〔subsumption〕Logic The minor premise of a syllogism.【逻辑学】 小前提：三段论中的小前提美国传统〔superior〕Logic Of wider or more comprehensive application; generic. Used of a term or proposition.【逻辑学】 包括范围更广的：属于更广阔、更广泛的应用的；通用的。用于一个术语或命题美国传统〔superordinate〕Logic Of or being the relation of a universal proposition to a particular proposition in which the terms are the same and occur in the same order.【逻辑学】 有高等逻辑关系的（指全称命题对特称命题的同称关系的）美国传统〔term〕Logic Each of the two concepts being compared or related in a proposition.【逻辑学】 项：一命题中相比较或相关的两个概念之一美国传统〔trivium〕The lower division of the seven liberal arts in medieval schools, consisting of grammar, logic, and rhetoric.三文科：中世纪学校的七种文科的较低一级划分，包括语法、逻辑学和修辞学美国传统〔tuition〕All students receive tuition in logic and metaphysics.所有学生都学习逻辑学和玄学。剑桥高阶〔universal〕Logic Encompassing all of the members of a class or group. Used of a proposition.【逻辑学】 全称的：包括类或群中所有的成员。用于命题美国传统〔vicious circle〕Logic A fallacy in reasoning in which the premise is used to prove the conclusion, and the conclusion used to prove the premise.【逻辑学】 循环论证：推理中前提条件用来证明结论，而结论用来论证前提的错误美国传统Thinking has been discussed by philosophers and systematized by logicians ever since the Ancient Greeks.从古希腊时代开始，人的思维一直为哲学家所讨论，并由逻辑学家系统化。剑桥国际 |
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