| 单词 | 真菌 |
| 释义 | DEFINITIVE EXAMPLES 权威例句〔ACCIDENTALLY〕A handful of people die each year from mistakenly eating poisonous fungi. 每年都有少数人因误食有毒真菌而送命。朗文写作活用〔HELP〕Damp conditions encourage the growth of the fungus. 潮湿的环境会促进真菌的生长。朗文写作活用〔VERY〕The fungus is extremely difficult to get rid of. 真菌极难杀灭。朗文写作活用〔actinomycete〕Any of various filamentous or rod-shaped, often pathogenic microorganisms of the order Actinomycetales that are found in soil and resemble bacteria and fungi.放线菌：属于放线菌目的丝状或杆状的，通常是发现于土壤中，与细菌和真菌相似的致病微生物美国传统〔alternate host〕One of two species of host on which some pathogens, such as certain rust fungi, must develop to complete their life cycles.交替宿主：两种宿主中的一种，某些病原体，如锈真菌要在宿主中生存并结束生命循环美国传统〔anthracnose〕Any of several diseases of plants caused by certain fungi and characterized by dead spots on the leaves, twigs, or fruits.炭疽病：一种由某真菌引起的植物病，其特点是叶、枝或果实上出现死斑美国传统〔antifungal〕Destroying or inhibiting the growth of fungi.抗真菌的，杀真菌的：破坏或抑制真菌生长的美国传统〔asexually〕Many fungi can reproduce asexually.很多真菌可以无性繁殖。外研社新世纪〔attack〕The wood had been attacked by a fungus.木头已受到真菌侵蚀。麦克米伦高阶〔attenuate〕Biology To make (bacteria or viruses) less virulent.【生物学】 使病毒减弱：减弱（细菌或真菌）的毒性美国传统〔autogamy〕Biology The union of nuclei within and arising from a single cell, as in certain protozoans and fungi.【生物学】 自核交配：某些原生动物或真菌中发生于或在单个细胞内细胞核的接合作用美国传统〔basidiocarp〕A basidium-bearing structure found in such basidiomycetous fungi as mushrooms and puffballs.担子菌的真菌部分：在担子菌中的真菌，如伞菌和马勃菌中发现的一种担子生的结构美国传统〔basidiospore〕A sexually produced fungal spore borne on a basidium.担孢子：生在一个担子上的有性繁殖的真菌孢子美国传统〔benzalkonium chloride〕A yellow-white powder prepared in an aqueous solution and used as a detergent, fungicide, bactericide, and spermicide.氯化苯：水溶液中制得的一种黄白色粉末，用作清洁剂、杀真菌剂、杀菌剂和杀精子剂美国传统〔bioluminescence〕Emission of visible light by living organisms such as the firefly and various fish, fungi, and bacteria.生物发光：生物体的可见光发射，如萤火虫、彩色鱼类、真菌类和细菌美国传统〔bird's-nest fungus〕Any of various fungi having a cuplike body containing several round, egglike stuctures that enclose the spores.鸟巢菌：一种具有杯状躯体，含有包围孢子的圆形、蛋形结构的真菌美国传统〔black rot〕Any of several fungal or bacterial plant diseases resulting in dark brown to black discoloration and decay of affected plant parts.黑腐病：一种真菌和细菌植物疾病，可使被传染植物部分由深棕色变为黑色，以至腐烂美国传统〔black spot〕Any of various fungal or bacterial diseases of plants, resulting in small black spots on the leaves or on other parts.黑斑病：植物真菌或细菌疾病的一种，能引起叶片或其他部分上长出小黑斑美国传统〔blastomycosis〕A fungal infection caused by a blastomycete and characterized by multiple inflammatory lesions of the skin, mucous membranes, or internal organs.芽生菌病：由芽生菌引起的一种真菌传染病，其特点为皮肤、粘膜或内部器官多样的发炎损害美国传统〔blight〕The apple trees were blighted by fungus.这些苹果树因真菌感染而枯萎了。韦氏高阶〔chlamydospore〕A thick-walled, asexual fungal spore that is derived from a hyphal cell and can function as a resting spore.厚垣孢子：一种由菌丝细胞形成、细胞壁很厚的无性真菌孢子，能起休眠孢子的作用美国传统〔clotrimazole〕A broad-spectrum antifungal drug used topically to treat a variety of superficial fungal infections, including candidiasis and tinea.克霉唑：广谱抗真菌药物，用于局部治疗各类表皮真菌感染，包括念珠菌病和皮癣美国传统〔conidiophore〕A specialized fungal hypha that produces conidia.分生孢子：一种能产生分生孢子特殊真菌菌丝美国传统〔coprophilous〕Living or growing on excrement, as certain fungi.粪生的：生存或生长于粪便上的，如某些真菌美国传统〔cryptogam〕A member of a formerly recognized taxonomic group that included all seedless plants, such as mosses, algae, fungi, and ferns.隐花植物：先前已被确认的一个分类的成员，包括有所有的无籽植物，如苔藓、水藻、真菌和蕨类植物美国传统〔cyclosporine〕An immunosuppressive drug obtained from certain soil fungi, used mainly to prevent the rejection of transplanted organs.环孢抑制剂：从某些土壤真菌中获得的一种免疫抑制剂，主要用来防止移植器官的排斥反应美国传统〔cyst〕Botany A thick-walled resting spore, as in certain algae or fungi.【植物学】 包囊：一种厚壁休眠孢子，如在某些海藻或者真菌中美国传统〔damping off〕A disease of seedlings that is caused by fungi and results in wilting and death.猝倒病，立枯病：由真菌类引起并导致幼苗枯萎和死亡的病害美国传统〔deliquesce〕To become fluid or soft on maturing, as certain fungi.液化：成熟的过程中变成液体或变得柔软，如某种真菌类美国传统〔dikaryon〕The state in certain fungi in which each compartment of a hypha contains two nuclei, each derived from a different parent.双核：某种真菌中的状态，在这种真菌中，每个菌丝体都含有两个核，而每个核都是从不同的母体上衍生的美国传统〔downy mildew〕A disease of plants caused by fungi of the order Peronosporales and characterized by gray, velvety patches of spores on the lower surfaces of leaves.霜霉病：霜霉科真菌引起的植物疾病，患此病的植物叶背面有一簇簇的灰色绒状胚芽美国传统〔dry rot〕A plant disease in which the plant tissue remains relatively dry while fungi invade and ultimately decay bulbs, fruits, or woody tissues.干腐病：一种由于真菌入侵而腐蚀球茎、果实或木质组织的植物病，植物组织在患此病时保持相对干燥美国传统〔endophyte〕A plant, such as a fungus, growing within another plant.内生植物：在另一株植物体内生长的植物，如真菌美国传统〔epigenous〕Developing or growing on an upper surface, as fungi on leaves.生长于…上面的：生长在表面上或在一个表面上发展的，如真菌在叶面上生长美国传统〔exospore〕The outermost layer of a spore in some algae and fungi.孢子外壁：某些水藻和真菌孢子的最外层壁美国传统〔foxfire〕A phosphorescent glow, especially that produced by certain fungi found on rotting wood.磷火：一种磷光性的火，尤指腐烂林木上某些真菌产生的磷光美国传统〔fruiting body〕A specialized spore-producing structure, especially of a fungus.子实体：尤指真菌的特殊产芽孢结构美国传统〔fungal〕Athlete's foot is a fungal infection.足癣是一种真菌感染。外研社新世纪〔fungal〕Caused by a fungus.由真菌引起的美国传统〔fungal〕Of, relating to, resembling, or characteristic of a fungus.真菌的：真菌的、似真菌的或有真菌特点的美国传统〔fungicide〕A chemical substance that destroys or inhibits the growth of fungi.杀真菌剂：杀死真菌或抑制其生长的化学物质美国传统〔fungistat〕A substance that inhibits the growth of fungi.抑真菌剂：抑制真菌生长的物质美国传统〔fungoid〕Of, relating to, resembling, or being a fungus.真菌的：真菌的、与真菌有关的、似真菌的或菌类的美国传统〔fungus〕Fungus can be poisonous.真菌类植物可能会有毒。剑桥高阶〔gentian violet〕A dye used in microscopy as a biological stain and in medicine as a bactericide, a fungicide, and an anthelmintic.龙胆紫：一种染料，用在显微镜下作为生物学着色剂、药用杀菌剂、杀真菌药和打虫药美国传统〔harmful〕The fungus is not harmful to humans.真菌对人无害。麦克米伦高阶〔heterocyst〕A large, thick-walled, transparent cell that occurs at intervals along the filaments of certain cyanobacteria.异型细胞：间歇地沿某些藻真菌的花丝出现的大型、细胞壁厚的透明细胞美国传统〔heteroecious〕Spending different stages of a life cycle on different, usually unrelated hosts. Used of parasites such as rust fungi and tapeworms.异寄主的：在生命周期的不同阶段，寄生于不同的、通常为不相关的寄生主上的，如锈菌真菌和绦虫等寄生虫美国传统〔hymenium〕The spore-bearing layer of the fruiting body of certain fungi, containing asci or basidia.子实属：某些真菌的果实的带有孢子的层面，含有子囊或者孢子室美国传统〔hypha〕Any of the threadlike filaments forming the mycelium of a fungus.菌丝：任何形成真菌丝状线美国传统〔isogamy〕Reproduction by the fusion or conjugation of isogametes, as in certain algae and fungi.同配生殖：由同形配子的混合或接合而发生的生殖，如在海藻和真菌中进行的生殖美国传统〔isolate〕Microbiology A bacterial or fungal strain that has been isolated.【微生物学】 分离菌：已被分离出的一个细菌或真菌品种美国传统〔itch〕The fungi that cause jock itch thrive in warm, moist places.能引起股癣的真菌在温暖潮湿的环境中大量繁殖。牛津搭配〔itraconazole〕A broad-spectrum antifungal agent administered orally to treat a variety of fungal infections.口服广谱抗真菌药剂：口服广谱抗真菌药剂，用于治疗各类真菌感染美国传统〔measles〕A plant disease, usually caused by fungi, that produces minute spots on leaves and stems.斑疹病：一种植物病，通常由真菌引起，在植物的叶和茎上产生小斑点美国传统〔miconazole〕An antifungal used topically or parenterally.咪康唑：用于局部或静脉注射的抗真菌药剂美国传统〔mold〕Any of various fungi that often cause disintegration of organic matter.真菌：能引起有机物质的分解的真菌美国传统〔mushroom〕Something shaped like one of these fungi.菌状物：形状像这些真菌类中任一种美国传统〔myc.〕Mycological.真菌的美国传统〔mycetoma〕A chronic, slowly progressing bacterial or fungal infection usually of the foot or leg, characterized by nodules that discharge an oily pus.马肚拉足肿：通常发生在脚或腿上的一种长期的慢性细菌或真菌感染，症状为患部有脓肿美国传统〔mycology〕The branch of botany that deals with fungi.真菌学：真菌有关的植物学分支美国传统〔mycology〕The fungi native to a region.一个地区的真菌美国传统〔mycophagous〕Fungivorous.吃真菌的美国传统〔mycorrhiza〕The symbiotic association of the mycelium of a fungus with the roots of certain plants, such as conifers, beeches, or orchids.菌根：真菌的菌丝体和某些植物，如松柏类、山毛榉或者石兰的共同体美国传统〔mycosis〕A fungal infection in or on a part of the body.真菌病：身体或者身体的一部分的真菌感染美国传统〔onycholysis〕The separation or loosening of a fingernail or toenail from its nail bed.甲真菌病：手指甲或脚指甲从指甲床分离或松脱美国传统〔paraphysis〕One of the erect, sterile filaments often occurring among the reproductive organs of certain fungi, algae, and mosses.侧丝：通常出现于某些真菌、藻类和苔藓的生殖器官中的直立的不育花丝美国传统〔peridium〕The covering of the spore-bearing organ in many fungi.包被：很多真菌的产芽孢器官的外裹套美国传统〔phycomycete〕Any of various fungi that resemble algae, including certain molds and mildews.藻菌：与水藻类似的真菌类，包括某些真菌和霉菌美国传统〔pileus〕Botany The umbrellalike fruiting structure forming the top of a stalked, fleshy fungus, such as a mushroom; the cap.【植物学】 菌盖：似伞的子实结构，在有肉质真菌柄的顶部，如蘑菇；菌盖美国传统〔potato blight〕Any of various highly destructive fungus diseases of the potato.马铃薯晚疫病：马铃薯的一种极具破坏力的真菌疾病美国传统〔powdery mildew〕Any of various fungi, especially of the family Erysiphaceae, that produce powdery conidia on the host surface.白粉菌：一种能在寄主表面产生粉状分生孢子的真菌，尤指白粉菌科真菌美国传统〔respiration〕Any of various analogous metabolic processes by which certain organisms, such as fungi and anaerobic bacteria, obtain energy from organic molecules.呼吸作用：特定有机体从有机分子中获取能量的各种相似的新陈代谢过程，如真菌及厌氧细菌美国传统〔rhizoid〕A rootlike extension of the thallus of a fungus.假根：真菌的工菌体的似根的延伸物美国传统〔rust fungus〕Any of various fungi of the order Uredinales that are injurious to a wide variety of plants.锈菌：锈菌目的一种真菌，对许多种植物都有害美国传统〔saprophyte〕An organism, especially a fungus or bacterium, that grows on and derives its nourishment from dead or decaying organic matter.腐生菌：微生物，尤指真菌或细菌，靠从死亡的或腐败的有机体中摄取养料以供生存美国传统〔saprozoic〕Obtaining nourishment by absorption of dissolved organic and inorganic materials, as in protozoans and some fungi.腐生的：依靠从分解的有机物或无机物中吸取养分的，如某些原生动物或真菌美国传统〔scab〕Any of various plant diseases caused by fungi or bacteria and resulting in crustlike spots on fruit, leaves, or roots.疮痂病：真菌或细菌导致的植物病，常在果实、叶片或根上生有痂状斑点美国传统〔sclerotium〕A dense mass of branched hyphae, as in certain fungi, that contain stored food and are capable of remaining dormant for long periods.菌核：如在真菌中的分枝菌丝的稠密群，能储存食物及长时间保持休眠状态美国传统〔scorch〕Brown spotting on plant leaves caused by fungi, heat, or lack of water.植物褐色斑点：由于真菌、热或者缺水引起在植物叶子上生长的褐色点美国传统〔snow mold〕A fungus that causes this disease.雪霉病菌：引起这种疾病的真菌美国传统〔sooty mold〕Any of the fungi that produce such growth.烟霉真菌：一种产生这种赘生物的真菌美国传统〔soredium〕A specialized asexual reproductive unit of lichens consisting of a mass of algal cells surrounded by fungal hyphae.粉芽：地衣特有的无性生殖器官，由被真菌菌丝包裹的大量藻类细胞构成美国传统〔sorus〕A reproductive structure in certain fungi and lichens.囊群：某些真菌及地衣的生殖结构美国传统〔sporocarp〕A multicellular structure in which spores are formed, especially in red algae and certain fungi and slime molds.孢子果，子实体：形成孢子的多细胞结构，尤其在红藻类和某种真菌以及液状的霉中美国传统〔sporophore〕A spore-bearing structure, especially in fungi.子实体、孢子体：产生孢子的结构，尤在真菌中美国传统〔verdigris〕A blue or green powder consisting of basic cupric acetate used as a paint pigment and fungicide.醋酸铜：由碱性的醋酸铜构成的一种蓝色或绿色粉末，用作颜料和杀真菌剂美国传统〔volva〕A cuplike structure around the base of the stalk of certain fungi.菌托：某些真菌围绕茎的底部的杯状结构美国传统〔water mold〕Any of various parasitic or saprobic fungi of the phylum Oomycota, living chiefly in fresh water or moist soil.水霉：几种卵菌纲的寄生或腐生的真菌之任一种，主要生长于淡水或湿润土壤中美国传统〔witches' broom〕An abnormal brushlike growth of weak, closely clustered shoots or branches on a tree, such as the hackberry, caused by fungi or viruses.丛枝病，扫帚病：树上脆弱但密集的嫩芽和树枝的一种刷状的不正常生长，如朴树上由真菌或细菌引起的美国传统〔xylophagous〕Destructive to wood, as certain crustaceans or fungi.蛀木的：对木头有破坏性作用的，如某些甲壳纲动物或真菌美国传统〔yeast〕Any of various similar fungi.酵母：一种类似的真菌美国传统〔zygospore〕A large multinucleate spore formed by union of similar gametes, as in algae or fungi.接合孢子：由相似的配子结合而成的多核大孢子，如在海藻或真菌中美国传统〔zymosis〕An infectious disease, especially one caused by a fungus.传染病，尤指由真菌引起美国传统All aerial spraying of the fungicide has also been outlawed.所有从空中喷洒杀真菌剂的行为也被宣布为非法。剑桥国际Candida is the yeast-like fungus which can lead to thrush.假丝酵母是能引起鹅口疮的酵母状真菌。剑桥国际My roses were suffering from fungus. 我的玫瑰受到真菌的侵害。译典通Other allergens are house dust, spores of fungi, and animal hairs.其他变应原有室内尘埃、真菌孢子和动物毛发。剑桥国际Roses are very prone to fungal disease (=diseases caused by fungus).玫瑰容易患真菌病。剑桥国际We have a strange fungoid growth (=something similar to fungus is growing) in our lawn.我们的草坪上长出了奇怪的真菌样植物。剑桥国际 |
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