| 单词 | 染色 |
| 释义 | DEFINITIVE EXAMPLES 权威例句〔ARPKD〕Thirty to fifty per cent of newborns with ARPKD die at birth or shortly after.患有常染色体隐性遗传多囊肾病的新生儿有30%到50%在出生时或出生不久死亡。剑桥高阶〔Dynel〕A trademark used for a copolymer of vinyl chloride and acrylonitrile employed in making fire-resistant, insect-resistant, easily dyed textile fiber.代纳尔：一种用于氯乙烯和丙烯腈共聚纤维商标名，该产品用于制造防火、防虫和容易染色的纺织纤维美国传统〔X-linked trait〕An inherited phenotype produced by a gene located on an X-chromosome.X链特征：由X染色体基因造成的遗传表现美国传统〔Y-chromosome〕If a Y-chromosome pairs up with an X-chromosome during fertilization, a male baby will result.如果受孕过程中一个Y染色体与一个X染色体相结合，则发育为男婴。剑桥高阶〔aberration〕Changes in chromosome structure are called chromosomal mutations or aberrations.染色体结构的改变称为染色体突变或畸变。英汉大词典〔aberration〕Genetics A deviation in the normal structure or number of chromosomes in an organism.【遗传学】 畸变，变形：有机体正常结构或染色体数量的变异美国传统〔achromatic〕Biology Difficult to stain with standard dyes. Used in reference to cells or tissues.【生物学】 非染色质的：用标准染料难于染色的。用于指细胞或组织美国传统〔aid〕Chromosomes can be seen with the aid of a microscope.借助显微镜可以看到染色体。麦克米伦高阶〔albinism〕Congenital absence of normal pigmentation or coloration in a person, an animal, or a plant.白化病：人体、动物或植物先天性缺乏正常的色素沉淀或染色美国传统〔amphidiploid〕An organism or individual having a diploid set of chromosomes derived from each parent.双二倍体的个体：具有从父母双亲获得的两套染色体的有机物或个体美国传统〔amphidiploid〕Having a diploid set of chromosomes derived from each parent.双二倍体的：具有从父母双亲获得的两套染色体的美国传统〔aneuploid〕A cell or an organism characterized by an aneuploid chromosome number.非整倍体：具有非整倍染色体数目的细胞或有机物美国传统〔annatto〕A yellowish-red dyestuff obtained from the seed aril of this plant, used especially to dye fabric and to color food products such as margarine and cheese.胭脂树红，胭脂树橙：从胭脂树果肉中提取的橙红色染料，尤用于给纺织品染色，或给食品如人造黄油和奶酪上色美国传统〔asynapsis〕The failure of homologous chromosomes to pair during meiosis.不联会：在减数分裂期间同源染色体不联会成对美国传统〔beige〕A soft fabric of undyed, unbleached wool.哔叽呢：一种未染色、未漂白的柔软毛织物美国传统〔bleach〕Raw cloth is bleached and then dyed.原布被漂白，然后染色。麦克米伦高阶〔blepharoplast〕A basal body in certain flagellated protozoans that consists of a minute mass of chromatin embedded in the cytoplasm at the base of the flagellum.生毛体，成鞭毛体：某些有鞭毛的原生动物的基体，由包裹在鞭毛底部的细胞质内的微小染色体块团组成美国传统〔bucktail〕Hair from the tail of a deer, often dyed and used especially in artificial fishing flies.鹿尾毛：鹿尾毛，通常会染色并用作假蝇饵美国传统〔caramel〕Burnt sugar, used for coloring and sweetening foods.焦糖：烧焦的糖，用于为食物染色并使之变甜美国传统〔centromere〕The most condensed and constricted region of a chromosome to which the spindle fiber is attached during mitosis.着丝点，着丝粒：一个染色体上最密集、压缩的区域，有丝分裂时梭形纤维附着于此美国传统〔chromatin〕A complex of nucleic acids and proteins in the cell nucleus that stains readily with basic dyes and condenses to form chromosomes during cell division.染色质，核染质：细胞核中由核酸与蛋白质组成的核酸复合物，容易被基本染料染色， 在细胞分裂期会浓缩而形成染色体美国传统〔chromatolysis〕The dissolution or disintegration of chromophil material, such as chromatin, within a cell.染色质溶解：染色物质的溶解或分解，如细胞中的染色质美国传统〔chrome〕To tan or dye with a chromium compound.用铬的化合物制革或染色美国传统〔chromomere〕One of the serially aligned beadlike granules of concentrated chromatin that constitutes a chromosome during the early phases of cell division.染色粒：在细胞分裂早期，一条顺序排列的珠状染色质颗粒链构成了染色体美国传统〔chromophobe〕Not staining readily with dye. Used of a cell or cell structure.难染色的，难着色的：染料不易着色的。用于细胞或细胞结构美国传统〔color〕We colored the water with red ink.我们用红墨水给水染色。韦氏高阶〔complement〕Each new cell will carry its full complement of chromosomes.每个新细胞都包含全数的染色体。朗文当代〔condense〕The chromatin fibers begin to condense into clumps.染色质纤维开始聚成团块。外研社新世纪〔crossing over〕The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes that occurs during meiosis and contributes to genetic variability.交换：一种发生在减数分裂期间的、有助于遗传变异的同源染色体之间的遗传物质的交换美国传统〔crossover〕A characteristic resulting from the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis.交换特征：由减数分裂期内同源染色体之间的遗传物质的交换而产生的特征美国传统〔cytogenetics〕The branch of biology that deals with heredity and the cellular components, particularly chromosomes, associated with heredity.细胞遗传学：研究遗传和细胞成分的生物学分支，特别是与遗传有关的染色体美国传统〔diplont〕An organism having somatic cells with the diploid number of chromosomes.二倍体：体细胞内有二倍数的染色体的组织美国传统〔discharge〕To become blurred, as a color or dye; run.染色：使变得模糊，如色彩或染料；渗开美国传统〔disjunction〕Genetics The separation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis.【遗传学】 在减数分裂过程中同源染色体的分离美国传统〔duplication〕The occurrence of a repeated section of genetic material in a chromosome.染色体重复：染色体中遗传物质段的重复出现美国传统〔dyad〕Biology One pair of homologous chromosomes resulting from the division of a tetrad during meiosis.【生物学】 二分体：一对由四分体在成熟分裂过程中形成的同源染色体美国传统〔dyeing〕This red dyeing is fast.这种红染色品不退色。英汉大词典〔dye〕Silk dyes well.丝绸极易染色。英汉大词典〔dye〕That brand dyes well.那种牌子的染料染色好。21世纪英汉〔dye〕The fabric is bleached, dyed, and then washed.布料经过漂白和染色后，再进行洗涤。韦氏高阶〔dye〕This cloth takes dye well.这种布很容易染色。英汉大词典〔dye〕To color (a material), especially by soaking in a coloring solution.染色：染（色彩），特别是浸泡到有色溶液中染美国传统〔engrain〕To ingrain.使原纤（或原纱）染色美国传统〔eosinophil〕A microorganism, cell, or histological element easily stained by eosin or other acid dyes.嗜曙红白血球：容易被曙红或其它酸性染料染色的微生物、细胞或组织成分美国传统〔euploid〕Having a chromosome number that is an exact multiple of the haploid number for the species.整倍体的：恰好是单倍体数的倍数的染色体的美国传统〔eye〕The pigmented iris of this organ.虹膜：这个器官染色的虹膜美国传统〔genomics〕The study of all of the nucleotide sequences, including structural genes, regulatory sequences, and noncoding DNA segments, in the chromosomes of an organism.基因组：对所有核苷酸序列的研究，包括生物染色体中的结构基因、调节序列和未编码的脱氧核糖核酸节段美国传统〔haploid〕Having the same number of sets of chromosomes as a germ cell or half as many as a somatic cell.单倍体的：具有和生殖细胞相同或体细胞一半对数染色体的美国传统〔henna〕A reddish-orange dyestuff prepared from the dried and ground leaves of this plant, used as a cosmetic dye and for coloring leather and fabrics.指甲花染料：从该种植物的干的碎叶片中提炼出的一种棕红色染料，用于化妆或为皮革和纤维染色美国传统〔heterochromatin〕Tightly coiled chromosomal material that stains deeply during interphase and is believed to be genetically inactive.异染色质：紧紧盘绕在一起的染色体物质，在分裂期间染色，据信在基因中并不活跃美国传统〔heterochromosome〕A sex chromosome.性染色体美国传统〔heteroploid〕Having a chromosome number that is not a whole-number multiple of the haploid chromosome number for that species.异倍体的：染色体的数目不是单倍体物种的染色体的整倍数的美国传统〔heterozygote〕An organism that has different alleles at a particular gene locus on homologous chromosomes.杂合体：在同源染色体的某一特定基因位点上有不同的等位基因的有机体美国传统〔heterozygous〕Having different alleles at one or more corresponding chromosomal loci.杂合的：在一个或更多的相应的染色体基因座上有不同的等位基因的美国传统〔histologically〕Bacteria can be detected histologically on sections of tissue that have been stained.在经过染色的组织学切片上，细菌可以被识别出来。剑桥高阶〔histone〕Any of several small, basic proteins most commonly found in association with the DNA in chromatin.组织蛋白：几种分子量小的碱性蛋白质，总与DNA一起发现于染色质中美国传统〔homozygote〕An organism that has the same alleles at a particular gene locus on homologous chromosomes.纯合子：在同源染色体上某一特定基因座有相同等位基因的生物体美国传统〔hypoploid〕Having a chromosome number lower by only a few chromosomes than the normal diploid number.亚倍体的：有一组染色体，只有几个染色体比正常的二色染色体少美国传统〔immunofluorescence〕Any of various techniques that use antibodies chemically linked to a fluorescent dye to identify or quantify antigens in a tissue sample.抗体荧光染色：使用与荧光染色结合的化学抗体确认或定量在组织样品中的抗原的技术美国传统〔ingrain〕Archaic To dye or stain into the fiber of.【古语】 染色：给纤维染色或着色美国传统〔ingrain〕Made of fiber or yarn dyed before weaving. Used especially of rugs.染色原纤：由纺织前就染色的纤维或纱线制成的。尤指地毯美国传统〔insertion〕Genetics The addition, as by mutation, of one or more nucleotides to a chromosome.【遗传学】 染色体突增：由于突变而使染色体增加一个或多个核苷酸美国传统〔inversion〕Genetics A chromosomal defect in which a segment of the chromosome breaks off and reattaches in the reverse direction.【遗传学】 倒位：一段染色体破裂并且以相反方向重新连接所形成的一种染色体缺陷美国传统〔karyotype〕A photomicrograph of chromosomes arranged according to a standard classification.染色体的显微照片，根据标准的分类法排列美国传统〔karyotype〕The characterization of the chromosomal complement of an individual or a species, including number, form, and size of the chromosomes.染色体组型：单个的或一个物种的染色体配对物的特征，包括染色体的数目、形状和大小美国传统〔kinetochore〕Either of two submicroscopic attachment points for chromosomal microtubules, present on each centromere during the process of cell division.着丝点：染色体微管的两个亚微观连接点，在细胞分裂过程中出现在各自的着丝粒上美国传统〔lapin〕Rabbit fur, especially when dyed to imitate a more expensive fur.兔皮毛：兔皮毛，尤其是指当它被染色以模仿一种更贵重的毛皮时美国传统〔locate〕The scientists want to locate the position of the gene on a chromosome.科学家想找到该基因在染色体上的位置。外研社新世纪〔map〕Genetics To locate (a gene or DNA sequence) in a specific region of a chromosome in relation to known genes or DNA sequences.【遗传学】 比对：将（一个基因或DNA序列）放入与已知基因或DNA序列有关的染色体的特定区域美国传统〔marker〕When spraying weeds, it is a good idea to mix in a marker dye with the herbicide.给杂草喷药时, 将做标记的染色剂与除草剂混合是个好主意。外研社新世纪〔metacentric〕Genetics Having the centromere in the median position so that the arms are of equal length. Used of a chromosome.【遗传学】 染色体中央着丝粒的：由于着丝粒在中央而具有两个等臂的。用于染色体美国传统〔microscopic〕Microscopic examination of a cell's chromosomes can reveal the sex of the fetus.利用显微镜检查细胞染色体可以看出胎儿的性别。外研社新世纪〔mordant〕A reagent, such as tannic acid, that fixes dyes to cells, tissues, or textiles or other materials.媒染体：一种可以将染色固定到细胞、组织或纺织品及其它材料上的试剂，如鞣酸美国传统〔neutrophil〕Not stained strongly or definitely by either acid or basic dyes but stained readily by neutral dyes. Used especially of white blood cells.嗜中性染料的：不一定非用酸性或碱性染剂染色不可的，也易于用中性染剂染色的，尤其指白细胞美国传统〔pentaploid〕Having five haploid sets of chromosomes.五倍体的：有五个单倍体组成染色体的美国传统〔pigment〕To color with pigment.用涂料给…着色，染色于，染美国传统〔polycentric〕Having several central parts, such as centrosomes or chromatids.多中心的：具有几个中心部分的，如有几个中心体或染色单体的美国传统〔polytene〕Relating to or having large, multistranded chromosomes whose corresponding chromomeres are in contact.（染色体）多线性的：关于或具有大型的多束染色体的，它与其相对应的染色体相接触美国传统〔position effect〕Variation in the expression of a gene resulting from changes in its position along a chromosome.位置效应：由于基因沿染色体排列位置的变化而引起的基因表示的变化美国传统〔prophage〕The latent form of a bacteriophage in which the viral genes are incorporated into the bacterial chromosomes without causing disruption of the bacterial cell.原噬菌体：抗菌体的潜在形体，在这种形体中病毒基因和细菌染色体结合，而对细菌细胞不能造成分裂美国传统〔satellite〕Genetics A short segment of a chromosome separated from the rest by a constriction, typically associated with the formation of a nucleolus.【遗传学】 随体：由于收缩，从染色体本身分离出来的一段短的部分，与细胞的形成尤为相关美国传统〔set〕To become permanent. Used of dye.持久：变得持久。用于染色美国传统〔sex linkage〕The condition in which a gene responsible for a specific trait is located on a sex chromosome, resulting in sexually dependent inheritance of the trait.性连锁：将形成特定遗传特征的基因定位于性染色体的状况，由此产生性依赖型的遗传特征美国传统〔spindle fiber〕One of a network of achromatic filaments that extend inward from the poles of a dividing cell, forming a spindle-shaped figure.纺锤丝：从正在分裂的细胞的两极向内延伸的非染色质细丝网，构成纺缍形状美国传统〔spindle〕Biology The spindle-shaped achromatic structure, composed of microtubules, along which the chromosomes are distributed in mitosis and meiosis.【生物学】 纺锤体：一种由丝状因子组成的纺锤形的非染色质结构，在有丝分裂及减数分裂时染色体就沿其排列美国传统〔spireme〕The tangle of filaments that appears at the beginning of the prophase portion of meiosis or mitosis.染色质缠绕：减数分裂或有丝分裂前期开始时出现的细丝缠绕美国传统〔synapsis〕The side-by-side association of homologous paternal and maternal chromosomes during the early prophase of meiosis.接合，联合：在成熟分裂的前期时父方染色体与母方同源染色体的等同的联会美国传统〔take〕The dye takes well.染色染得不错。21世纪英汉〔telocentric〕Having the centromere in a terminal position. Used of a chromosome.具端着丝粒的：在端点位置有丝粒的。用于染色体中美国传统〔telomere〕Either end of a chromosome; a terminal chromosome.端粒：染色体的任一端；末梢的染色体美国传统〔telophase〕The final stage of mitosis or meiosis during which the chromosomes of daughter cells are grouped in new nuclei.末期：有丝分裂或成熟分裂的最后阶段，在此期间子细胞的染色体被聚集在新细胞核中美国传统〔tetrad〕A group of four chromatids formed from each of a pair of homologous chromosomes that split longitudinally during the prophase of meiosis.四分体：一组来自减数分裂中相互垂直分裂的一对同源染色体的四个染色单体美国传统〔tie-dye〕A tie-dyed fabric or garment.扎染物：这样染色的织物或服装美国传统〔tinct〕Colored lightly or faintly; tinged.着色的：很轻地或很淡地涂色的；染色的美国传统〔univalent〕A univalent chromosome.单价染色体美国传统〔zygotene〕The stage in prophase of meiosis during which homologous chromosomes become paired. 偶线期：减数分裂的前期阶段，在此期间异体同型的染色体配对美国传统Each gamete contains one set of chromosomes, and can join with another gamete of the opposite sex to form a zygote.每个配子含有一套染色体，可以与异性的配子结合成合子。剑桥国际It is possible to transplant chromosomes in cell nuclei. 移植细胞核内的染色体是可能的。译典通The doctor said permanent dermal pigmentation is a form of microsurgery. 医生说永久的皮肤染色是一种显微手术。译典通Use a dark oak stain on the shelves before you varnish them.在你给这些架子上清漆前，先使用深栎棕色染色剂。剑桥国际 |
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