| 单词 | bacterial |
| 释义 | DEFINITIVE EXAMPLES 权威例句〔ALIVE〕Food poisoning is caused by a bacterial organism. 食物中毒是由细菌引起的。朗文写作活用〔AMOUNT〕Penicillin has a high success rate in treating bacterial infections. 青霉素治疗细菌感染的成功率很高。朗文写作活用〔C-reactive protein〕A globulin that appears in the blood in certain acute inflammatory conditions, such as rheumatic fever, bacterial infections, and neoplastic diseases.C反应蛋白：一种在某些急性炎症，如风湿病、细菌感染以及瘤病时在血液中出现的血球蛋白美国传统〔acellular vaccine〕A vaccine composed of only those fragments of bacterial cells that are best suited to stimulating a strong immune response.非细胞疫苗：由细菌细胞碎片构成的疫苗，非常适合刺激强免疫力反应美国传统〔bacterial〕Cholera is a bacterial infection.霍乱是一种细菌感染。外研社新世纪〔bacterial〕Cholera is a bacterial infection.霍乱是一种细菌感染。柯林斯高阶〔bacterial〕The inspectors are equipped to check meat carcasses for bacterial contamination.检查员有设备检查肉用畜体是否有细菌污染。外研社新世纪〔bacteriostat〕An agent, such as a chemical or biological material, that inhibits bacterial growth.细菌抑制剂：一种抑制细菌生长的制剂，如化学或生物物质美国传统〔bacterize〕To change the composition of (something) by means of bacterial action.细菌作用：以细菌作用的方式改变某种物质的成份美国传统〔biogas〕A mixture of methane and carbon dioxide produced by bacterial degradation of organic matter and used as a fuel.生物气：有机物质经细菌降解而产生的甲烷与二氧化碳混合物，用作燃料美国传统〔black rot〕Any of several fungal or bacterial plant diseases resulting in dark brown to black discoloration and decay of affected plant parts.黑腐病：一种真菌和细菌植物疾病，可使被传染植物部分由深棕色变为黑色，以至腐烂美国传统〔black spot〕Any of various fungal or bacterial diseases of plants, resulting in small black spots on the leaves or on other parts.黑斑病：植物真菌或细菌疾病的一种，能引起叶片或其他部分上长出小黑斑美国传统〔blackleg〕A bacterial or fungal disease of certain plants, such as the cabbage and potato, that causes the stems to turn black at the soil line.黑茎病：某些植物，如卷心菜和土豆的一种细菌或真菌疾病，引起茎干在与土接壤处变黑美国传统〔carbuncle〕A painful localized bacterial infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue that usually has several openings through which pus is discharged.痈，红疹，红斑：一种疼痛的局部皮肤和皮下组织的细菌感染，通常有让脓流出来的一些口子美国传统〔citrus canker〕A destructive bacterial disease of citrus plants that attacks seedlings and mature plants and causes defoliation and death.柑橘溃疡病：柑橘的破坏性细菌病害，其侵害柑橘树树苗和成树并导致落叶和死亡美国传统〔colony〕The food requires larger bacterial colonies to help break it down.这种食物需要更大的细菌菌落协助分解。外研社新世纪〔conjugation〕The temporary union of two bacterial cells during which one cell transfers part or all of its genome to the other.两个细菌的短暂的结合，其间一个细胞的基因组会部分或全部地转移到另一个细胞中美国传统〔decay〕The destruction or decomposition of organic matter as a result of bacterial or fungal action; rot.腐烂：有机物质由于细菌的活动而受到的破坏或分解；腐烂美国传统〔denitrify〕To reduce (nitrates or nitrites) to nitrogen-containing gases, as by bacterial action on soil.使变成含氮气体：（将硝酸盐或氮化物）变成含氮气体，例如通过对土壤的细菌作用美国传统〔diagnose〕Her illness was incorrectly diagnosed as a bacterial infection.她的病被误诊为细菌感染。韦氏高阶〔dry gangrene〕Gangrene that develops as a result of arterial obstruction and is characterized by mummification of the dead tissue and absence of bacterial decomposition.干性球疽：由于动脉阻塞而发生的坏疽，其特点为死组织干燥，无细菌引起的腐烂美国传统〔endotoxin〕A toxin produced by certain bacteria and released upon destruction of the bacterial cell.内毒素：由某些特定细菌产生并在该细菌细胞裂变时释放出来的一种毒素美国传统〔episome〕A genetic particle of certain cells, especially bacterial cells, that can exist either autonomously in the cytoplasm or as part of a chromosome.附加体，游离体：某些细胞的遗传粒子，尤其是细菌细胞， 能够自动存在于胞质中或成为染色体的一部分美国传统〔flagellin〕The chief protein component of bacterial flagella.鞭毛蛋白：细菌鞭毛的主要蛋白化合物美国传统〔focal infection〕A bacterial infection localized in a specific part of the body, such as the tonsils, that may spread to another part of the body.病灶感染：如鼻孔等某特定器官的区域性细菌感染，可能会蔓延到身体的其他部位美国传统〔foot rot〕A degenerative bacterial infection of the feet in certain hoofed animals, especially cattle or sheep, often resulting in loss of the hoof.腐蹄病：某些有蹄动物脚部患的退化性细菌感染，尤其是牛或羊，常导致截蹄美国传统〔hemolysin〕An agent or a substance, such as an antibody or a bacterial toxin, that causes the destruction of red blood cells, thereby liberating hemoglobin.溶血素：破坏红血细胞从而释放出血红蛋白的一种媒介或物质，如抗体或细菌毒素美国传统〔infiltrate〕Bacterial toxins are prevented from infiltrating the mucous membrane of the mouth when vitamin C is in plentiful supply.大量的维生素C补给可阻止细菌毒素侵入口腔黏膜。外研社新世纪〔isolate〕Microbiology A bacterial or fungal strain that has been isolated.【微生物学】 分离菌：已被分离出的一个细菌或真菌品种美国传统〔isolate〕Microbiology To separate (a pure strain) from a mixed bacterial or fungal culture.【微生物学】 使细菌分离：从混合的细菌或真菌培养中分离出（一个纯的品种）美国传统〔lysogen〕A bacterium or bacterial strain that carries a prophage.溶原性细菌：携带前噬菌体的细菌或菌株美国传统〔mesosome〕A convoluted invagination of the cytoplasmic membrane in some bacterial cells.中间体：某些细菌细胞中细胞质膜的回旋内陷美国传统〔monocytosis〕An abnormal increase of monocytes in the blood, occurring in infectious mononucleosis and certain bacterial infections such as tuberculosis.单核细胞增多症：单核细胞在血液中异常地增多，出现在传染性单核细胞增多症和某些细菌感染中，如肺结核美国传统〔mycetoma〕A chronic, slowly progressing bacterial or fungal infection usually of the foot or leg, characterized by nodules that discharge an oily pus.马肚拉足肿：通常发生在脚或腿上的一种长期的慢性细菌或真菌感染，症状为患部有脓肿美国传统〔nidus〕Pathology A central point or focus of bacterial growth in a living organism.【病理学】 滋生的地方，生长处：在活的有机物中细菌滋长的中心点或聚集地美国传统〔nitrofuran〕Any of several drugs derived from furan that are used to inhibit bacterial growth.硝基呋喃：一种呋喃衍生药物，用来抑制细菌的生长美国传统〔pacifarin〕Any of various bacterial products that, introduced in small amounts, protect an organism from an infection or a disease without killing the infectious agent.抑菌剂：任一种细菌产物，数量较小，在不杀死传染作用物的情况下保护微生物不受传染或疾病侵扰美国传统〔periplasm〕The region near or immediately within a bacterial or other cell wall, outside the plasma membrane.周质：在细菌或其它细胞壁之间或附近，原生质膜外的地区美国传统〔plasmolysis〕Shrinkage or contraction of the protoplasm away from the wall of a living plant or bacterial cell, caused by loss of water through osmosis.胞质皱缩：通过渗透作用由于缺水引起的活植细胞或细菌的细胞质的皱缩或收缩，并与细胞壁分离美国传统〔prophage〕The latent form of a bacteriophage in which the viral genes are incorporated into the bacterial chromosomes without causing disruption of the bacterial cell.原噬菌体：抗菌体的潜在形体，在这种形体中病毒基因和细菌染色体结合，而对细菌细胞不能造成分裂美国传统〔protoplast〕Biology The living material of a plant or bacterial cell, including the protoplasm and plasma membrane after the cell wall has been removed.【生物学】 原生质体：植物细胞或细菌细胞的有生命的部分，包括原生质和去掉细胞壁后的质膜美国传统〔ptomaine〕A basic nitrogenous organic compound produced by bacterial putrefaction of protein.尸碱：一种含氮的有机化合物，由蛋白质被细菌感染导致腐烂而产生美国传统〔pyelitis〕Acute inflammation of the pelvis of the kidney, caused by bacterial infection.肾盂炎：由细菌感染引起的肾盂的严重发炎美国传统〔pyelonephritis〕Inflammation of the kidney and its pelvis, caused by bacterial infection.肾盂肾炎：由细菌感染所引起的肾部以及相应的骨盆组织的发炎美国传统〔rifampin〕A semisynthetic antibiotic derived from a form of rifamycin that interferes with the synthesis of RNA and is used to treat bacterial and viral diseases.利福平：一种半合成抗生素，从参与核醣核酸合成的利福霉素的一种形态中提取，用于治疗细菌性和病毒性疾病美国传统〔smear〕Biology A sample, as of blood or bacterial cells, spread on a slide for microscopic examination or on the surface of a culture medium.【生物学】 涂片：涂抹在玻璃片上供显微镜观察或培养基表面上的标本，例如血细胞或细菌细胞美国传统〔spheroplast〕A bacterial cell whose cell wall is absent or deficient, causing it to have a spherical form.原生质：因无细胞或细胞壁不完全而导致其呈球状的一种细菌细胞美国传统〔streak〕Microbiology A bacterial culture inoculated by drawing a bacteria-laden needle across the surface of a solid culture medium.【微生物学】 种菌划线：用载有细菌的针尖在培养基的硬表层划线以移入培养的细菌美国传统〔toxalbumin〕Any of various toxic proteins obtained from certain plants and bacterial cultures.有毒蛋白质：从某些植物及培养的细菌中提取出来的有毒蛋白质美国传统〔transduce〕To transfer (genetic material or characteristics) from one bacterial cell to another. Used of a bacteriophage or plasmid.转导：把（遗传物质或特征）从一种细菌细胞转到另一种细菌细胞上。用于噬菌体或质料美国传统〔transductant〕A bacterial cell into which genetic material has been transduced.转导体：基因材料转导后形成的细菌细胞美国传统〔transduction〕Transfer of genetic material or characteristics from one bacterial cell to another by a bacteriophage or plasmid.转导作用：通过噬菌或质料把基因材料或特征从一种病菌细胞转到另一种病菌细胞美国传统〔transformation〕Genetics Alteration of a bacterial cell by introduction of DNA from another cell or from a virus.【遗传学】 通过引入一个细胞或一个病毒的DNA（脱氧核糖核酸）而改变另一个细胞或病素美国传统〔transform〕Genetics To subject (a bacterial cell) to transformation.【遗传学】 转变：使（一个细菌细胞）发生转化美国传统〔volutin〕A granular substance that stains easily with a basic dye and is often rich in phosphorus, found in the cytoplasm of various bacterial and fungal cells.异染质，迂回体：一种易与基本染料相染常富含磷的颗粒状物质，存在于各种细菌和真菌细胞的细胞质中美国传统Brain lesions can be caused by bacterial infections.大脑损伤可能由细菌感染引起。剑桥国际 |
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