| 单词 | bacteria |
| 释义 | DEFINITIVE EXAMPLES 权威例句〔ALIVE〕Genetic engineers manipulate living organisms such as cells or bacteria to create products which fight disease. 遗传工程学家利用细胞、细菌等生物有机体制造抗击疾病的产品。朗文写作活用〔Ames test〕A test used to determine the mutagenic potential of a substance based on the mutation rate of bacteria that are exposed to the substance.埃米斯测试：一种根据曝露在物质周围的细菌的突变率来确定物质基因突变能力的测试美国传统〔DIRTY〕Several people became ill after eating hamburger meat contaminated with the E.coli bacteria. 有几个人在食用了受大肠杆菌污染的汉堡包肉之后生病了。朗文写作活用〔ENTER〕Bacteria can enter through a cut or graze on the skin. 细菌可从皮肤上割伤或擦伤的地方进入体内。朗文写作活用〔Gram-negative〕Gram-negative bacteria 革兰氏阴性细菌英汉大词典〔Gram-positive〕Gram-positive bacteria 革兰氏阳性细菌英汉大词典〔HELP〕The bacteria can only be seen with the aid of a high power microscope. 这种细菌只有用高倍显微镜才能看到。朗文写作活用〔IN/INSIDE〕We shall be studying the effects of these bacteria in the intestine. 我们将研究这些细菌在肠内的作用。朗文写作活用〔KILL〕Milk is heat treated for a few seconds to destroy bacteria. 牛奶经过几秒钟高温处理以消灭细菌。朗文写作活用〔PERSON/PEOPLE〕Bacteria cannot be seen with the human eye. 细菌无法用人类肉眼看见。朗文写作活用〔R factor〕A genetic factor of bacteria that transmits resistance to antibiotics from one bacterium to another by conjugation.R因子：一种细菌基因因子，通过接合将对抗生素的抵抗性由一个细菌传递给另一个美国传统〔WATER〕Some of the bacteria are found in rivers, lakes, mud, and even rain water. 有些细菌可见于河流、湖泊、淤泥，甚至雨水中。朗文写作活用〔abacterial〕Free of bacteria.无菌的美国传统〔abacterial〕Not caused by bacteria.非细菌引起的美国传统〔acid-fast〕Not decolorized by acid after staining, as bacteria that retain dye after an acid rinse.耐酸的，抗酸的：染色后不被酸褪色的，如细菌经用酸漂染后仍呈原色美国传统〔act upon〕When sweat is left on the surface of the body, it is acted upon by bacteria, producing an odour.汗液留在身体表面后, 便会在细菌的作用下, 产生异味。外研社新世纪〔actinomycete〕Any of various filamentous or rod-shaped, often pathogenic microorganisms of the order Actinomycetales that are found in soil and resemble bacteria and fungi.放线菌：属于放线菌目的丝状或杆状的，通常是发现于土壤中，与细菌和真菌相似的致病微生物美国传统〔actinomycin〕Any of various red, often toxic, polypeptide antibiotics obtained from soil bacteria.放线菌素：一种从土壤细菌中提取的红色的，通常是有毒的多肽抗生素美国传统〔activate〕To treat (sewage) with aeration and bacteria to aid decomposition.净化污水：运用通风及细菌对（污水）进行处理以帮助物质分解美国传统〔act〕Disinfectants act on bacteria in two main ways.消毒剂作用于细菌有两种主要途径。朗文当代〔agglutination〕The clumping together of red blood cells or bacteria, usually in response to a particular antibody.凝集：红血球或细菌通常对某种抗体反应后所产生的凝集美国传统〔agglutinin〕A substance, such as an antibody, that is capable of causing agglutination of a particular antigen, especially red blood cells or bacteria.凝集素：一种如抗体的物质，能够使某种抗原，尤其是红血球或病菌凝集美国传统〔ammonification〕Production of ammonia or ammonium compounds in the decomposition of organic matter, especially through the action of bacteria.分解成氨作用：尤指通过细菌作用产生氨或氨化物的有机物分解作用美国传统〔anaerobic〕Some bacteria are aerobic and others are anaerobic.有些细菌是需氧的，有些是厌氧的。韦氏高阶〔anaerobic〕Some bacteria can only live in anaerobic conditions.有些细菌只能在无氧条件下生存。剑桥高阶〔analyze〕The bacteria were analyzed under a powerful microscope.细菌被放在高倍显微镜下进行分析。韦氏高阶〔antibacterial〕Destroying or inhibiting the growth of bacteria.抗菌的：消灭或抑制细菌生长的美国传统〔asparaginase〕An enzyme isolated from bacteria that catalyzes the hydrolysis of asparagine and is used in the chemotherapeutic treatment of leukemia.天门冬醯胺酶：由细菌中分离出来的一种酶，能催化天门冬醯胺的水解，用于对白血病的化疗美国传统〔bacillus〕Any of various bacteria, especially a rod-shaped bacterium.杆状细菌：一种细菌，尤指杆状细菌美国传统〔bacteremia〕The presence of bacteria in the blood.菌血症：血液中细菌的存在美国传统〔bacteria〕All bacteria are larger than viruses.所有细菌都比病毒大。英汉大词典〔bacteria〕Chlorine is added to kill bacteria.加氯是为了杀死细菌。柯林斯高阶〔bacteria〕Chlorine is added to kill bacteria.添加了氯来杀灭细菌。外研社新世纪〔bacteria〕Neither chilling nor freezing kills all bacteria.冷藏和冷冻都不能杀死所有的细菌。牛津搭配〔bactericide〕An agent that destroys bacteria.杀菌剂：一种杀死细菌的药剂美国传统〔bacteriocin〕An antibacterial substance, such as colicin, produced by a strain of certain bacteria and harmful to another strain within the same family.杆菌素：一种抗菌物质，如大肠杆菌素，由某种细菌的菌株产生，对同一族系中另外的菌株有害美国传统〔bacteriology〕The study of bacteria, especially in relation to medicine and agriculture.细菌学：对细菌的研究，尤指与药物和农业相关美国传统〔bacteriolysis〕Dissolution or destruction of bacteria.溶菌作用：对细菌的溶解或破坏美国传统〔bacteriophage〕A virus that infects and lyses certain bacteria.噬菌体：感染并裂解某种细菌的病毒美国传统〔bacterioscopy〕Microscopic examination of bacteria.细菌镜检法：细菌的显微镜检查美国传统〔bacteriostasis〕The inhibition of growth, but not the killing, of bacteria.细菌抑制：抑制细菌的生长，但不将其杀死美国传统〔bacterium〕Keep the wound clean and dry to prevent the growth of bacteria.保持伤口清洁干燥，防止细菌感染。韦氏高阶〔bacteriuria〕The presence of bacteria in urine.菌尿症：细菌在尿中的出现美国传统〔bacteroid〕Any of various structurally modified bacteria, such as those occurring on the root nodules of leguminous plants.类杆细菌：一种在结构上已经改变了的细菌，如存在于豆科植物根部的根瘤菌美国传统〔bioluminescence〕Emission of visible light by living organisms such as the firefly and various fish, fungi, and bacteria.生物发光：生物体的可见光发射，如萤火虫、彩色鱼类、真菌类和细菌美国传统〔bioremediation〕The use of biological agents, such as bacteria or plants, to remove or neutralize contaminants, as in polluted soil or water.生物整治，生物除污：用生物制剂（如细菌或植物）清除或消除被污染的土壤或水中的污染物美国传统〔blood agar〕A nutrient culture medium that is enriched with whole blood and used for the growth of certain strains of bacteria.血培养基：用全血培育的一种营养培养基，用于某些细菌的生长美国传统〔bloodstream〕Bacteria was introduced into his bloodstream through an unsterile needle.细菌通过未消毒的针头进入他的血流。牛津搭配〔break〕Bacteria are added to help break down the sewage.下水道中加入细菌帮助分解污物。朗文当代〔break〕Like all natural substances, it is easily broken down by bacteria.像所有的自然物质一样，它很容易被细菌分解。麦克米伦高阶〔bred〕Bacteria will not breed in alcohol.细菌在酒精里不会繁殖。21世纪英汉〔breeding ground〕Warm milk is the ideal breeding ground for bacteria.温牛奶是细菌理想的滋生地。柯林斯高阶〔breeding ground〕Warm milk is the ideal breeding ground for bacteria.温牛奶是细菌繁殖的绝佳场所。外研社新世纪〔broad-spectrum〕Cipro is known as a broad-spectrum antibiotic because it is effective against many types of bacteria.环丙沙星被公认为是一种广谱抗生素，因为它对多种类型的细菌都有效。剑桥高阶〔canker〕A localized diseased or necrotic area on a plant part, especially on a trunk, branch, or twig of a woody plant, usually caused by fungi or bacteria.植物溃疡：植物一个部分，尤指一株木本植物的主干、枝干或小枝上局部的患病或坏死区域，通常由真菌或细菌造成美国传统〔capsule〕Microbiology A mucopolysaccharide outer shell enveloping certain bacteria.【微生物学】 囊：包裹着一定细菌的黏多糖外壳美国传统〔cell wall〕The rigid outermost cell layer found in plants and certain algae, bacteria, and fungi but characteristically absent from animal cells.细胞壁：细胞最外层的硬质部分，存在于植物和某些水藻、细菌和真菌中，但在动物细胞中明显缺失美国传统〔cellulase〕Any of several enzymes produced chiefly by fungi, bacteria, and protozoans that catalyze the hydrolysis of cellulose.纤维素酶：由真菌、细菌和原生动物产生的能促进纤维素水解的一种酶美国传统〔cell〕Soap destroys the cell walls of bacteria.肥皂破坏细菌的细胞壁。柯林斯高阶〔chlorinate〕Chlorination will kill the bacteria in the water.往水里加氯将杀死水中的细菌。韦氏高阶〔chromatophore〕A specialized pigment-bearing organelle in certain photosynthetic bacteria and cyanobacteria.载色体：在某些光合细菌和含氰细菌中特殊的带色素的组织美国传统〔cloud〕Debris causes the water to cloud and encourages bacteria and algae growth.垃圾使水变浑, 促进了细菌和藻类的生长。外研社新世纪〔colicin〕Any of various antibacterial proteins produced by certain strains of the colon bacillus that are lethal to other closely related strains of bacteria.大肠杆菌素：一种由某种结肠杆菌菌株制成的抗菌蛋白，是其他密切相关的菌株的致死因子美国传统〔combat〕These enzymes are important in the combat against bacteria.这些酶在与细菌的斗争中起着重要作用。麦克米伦高阶〔competence〕Medicine The ability to respond immunologically to bacteria, viruses, or other antigenic agents.【医学】 免疫力：对细菌、病毒或其它抗生药的免疫反应能力美国传统〔competence〕Microbiology The ability of bacteria to be genetically transformable.【微生物学】 遗传力：细菌的遗传性转化的能力美国传统〔complement system〕The complement system plays an important role in human immunological defences against cancer, bacteria, and viruses.补体系统在人体对癌症、细菌和病毒的免疫防御中有重要作用。剑桥高阶〔compound〕The bacteria fed initially on various carbon compounds.那些细菌初期时以各种碳化物为食。文馨英汉〔conjugation tube〕A slender tube in certain bacteria and algae that connects two individuals during conjugation and through which the transfer of genetic material occurs.接合管：在某些细菌或藻类体内的一种细长管，在配对期间用来连接两个个体并传输基因物质美国传统〔contaminate〕Be careful not to allow bacteria to contaminate the wound.小心，别让细菌感染了伤口。韦氏高阶〔contamination〕Wash everything thoroughly to avoid contamination with bacteria.把所有东西彻底洗净，以避免细菌污染。牛津搭配〔culture〕Such a growth or colony, as of bacteria.培养菌：该种生长物或群落，如培养菌美国传统〔culture〕To confirm the diagnosis, the hospital laboratory must culture a colony of bacteria.为了确诊, 医院实验室必须培养一个菌落。外研社新世纪〔culture〕To confirm the diagnosis, the hospital laboratory must culture a colony of bacteria.为进一步确诊，医院实验室必须培养一个细菌菌落。柯林斯高阶〔cycloserine〕An antibiotic effective against a wide range of bacteria, used especially in the treatment of tuberculosis and infections of the urinary tract.环丝氨酸：一种有效抵抗大范围细菌的抗生素，尤用于治疗结核病和尿道感染美国传统〔decay〕Bacteria cause the decay of dead plants and animals.细菌使死去的植物和动物腐烂。麦克米伦高阶〔decomposed〕The fertiliser releases nutrients gradually as bacteria decompose it.随着细菌的分解，肥料逐渐释放出各种营养成分。柯林斯高阶〔decompose〕The bacteria decomposed the milk into its solid and liquid elements.细菌把牛奶分解成固态和液态成分。21世纪英汉〔denitrify〕Denitrifying bacteria reduce the fertility of the soil.脱氮菌会降低土壤的肥力。剑桥高阶〔different〕There are many different types/kinds of bacteria.细菌有很多不同的种类。剑桥高阶〔digestion〕The process of decomposing organic matter in sewage by bacteria.细菌分解：用细菌在阴沟里分解有机物的过程美国传统〔divide〕Bacteria reproduce by dividing and making copies of themselves.细菌通过分裂和自我复制来繁殖。柯林斯高阶〔eat through〕Bacteria growing in bilge water can eat through the hull of a ship.舱底污水中生长的细菌会把船体腐蚀透。外研社新世纪〔endospore〕A small asexual spore, as that formed by some bacteria.内生孢子：一种小的无性孢子，如那些由某些细菌所形成的孢子美国传统〔evolve〕Bacteria are evolving resistance to antibiotics.细菌正逐渐对抗生素产生耐药性。剑桥高阶〔extreme〕The bacteria can withstand extremes of heat and cold.这种细菌能承受酷热和严寒。朗文当代〔eye〕These bacteria are invisible to our eyes.我们的眼睛看不见这些细菌。麦克米伦高阶〔facultative〕Biology Capable of functioning under varying environmental conditions. Used of certain organisms, such as bacteria that can live with or without oxygen.【生物学】 兼性寄生的：能在不同环境条件下活动的。用于某些生物，如细菌在有氧或无氧条件下都能生存美国传统〔flushless toilet〕A toilet that disposes of waste without using water, especially one that utilizes bacteria to break down waste matter.免冲马桶：不用水即可除去废物的马桶，尤指用细菌分解废弃物的马桶美国传统〔foster〕Overuse of antibiotics may foster the spread of drug-resistant bacteria.滥用抗生素可能助长抗药细菌的扩散。麦克米伦高阶〔germ warfare〕The use of injurious microorganisms, such as bacteria or viruses, as weapons in warfare.细菌战：有害的微生物如细菌或病毒作为战争武器的使用美国传统〔ground〕Hospitals are breeding grounds for bacteria.医院是细菌繁殖的地方。牛津搭配〔harmful〕The bacteria digest some of the harmful substances in the sewage.该细菌能消化污水中的某些有害物质。麦克米伦高阶〔harmless〕The bacteria is harmless to humans.这种细菌对人类无害。牛津高阶〔hemophilic〕Growing well in blood or in a culture containing blood. Used of certain bacteria.嗜血的：在血液或者含有血液的培养细胞组织中生长良好的。常于描写某些细菌美国传统〔ice-minus〕Of or relating to a strain of genetically altered bacteria that are applied to crop plants to inhibit the formation of frost.抗冰菌的：用于谷类植物防止霜冻的遗传变异细菌的，与之有关的美国传统〔illness〕Sometimes it's hard to tell whether illnesses result from bacteria or viruses.有时候很难分辨疾病到底是细菌引起的还是病毒引起的。牛津搭配〔immune〕Birds in outside cages develop immunity to airborne bacteria.养在户外笼子里的鸟会对空气传播的细菌产生免疫力。柯林斯高阶〔immunity〕Birds in outside cages develop immunity to airborne bacteria.室外笼子里的鸟会对空气传播的细菌产生免疫力。外研社新世纪〔infection〕Exactly which bacteria cause the infection is still unknown.到底是什么细菌引起的感染还不清楚。柯林斯高阶〔infection〕Exactly which bacteria cause the infection is still unknown.到底是哪种细菌导致了这种传染病仍不得而知。外研社新世纪〔infect〕The meat had been infected by E coli bacteria.肉被感染了大肠杆菌。剑桥高阶〔infect〕They were unable to prevent bacteria from infecting the wound.他们无法阻止细菌感染伤口。韦氏高阶〔insufficient〕The heating is insufficient to kill the bacteria.加热不足以杀死这种细菌。朗文当代〔invade〕Bacteria invaded and caused an infection.细菌入侵，引起了感染。韦氏高阶〔invent〕Scientists have discovered a new type of bacteria.科学家发现了一种新的细菌。朗文当代〔invisible〕These bacteria are invisible unless viewed with a microscope.这些细菌只有用显微镜才能看得见。剑桥高阶〔kill off〕It is an effective treatment for the bacteria and does kill it off.这是杀菌的特效药，能将其全部消灭。柯林斯高阶〔kill〕Antibiotics may kill off beneficial bacteria.抗生素可能会杀死大量有益细菌。麦克米伦高阶〔kill〕Food must be heated to a high temperature to kill harmful bacteria.食物必须经高温加热以杀灭有害细菌。剑桥高阶〔kill〕Some drugs kill off useful bacteria in the user's body.某些药物会杀死服用者体内的有益细菌。牛津高阶〔low〕Bacteria are low organisms.细菌是低等生物。英汉大词典〔lysin〕An antibody that is capable of causing the destruction or dissolution of red blood cells, bacteria, or other cellular elements.溶素：一种能够引起红细胞、细菌或其它细胞成份的损害或溶解的抗体美国传统〔lysis〕Biochemistry The dissolution or destruction of cells, such as blood cells or bacteria, as by the action of a specific lysin.【生物化学】 溶解：通过特定溶素作用对血细胞或细菌的溶解或破坏美国传统〔magnify〕A microscope magnifies bacteria.显微镜将细菌放大。英汉大词典〔mainly〕The bacteria live mainly in the small intestine.这些细菌大多生活在小肠里。麦克米伦高阶〔medium〕The bacteria were growing in a sugar medium.细菌在糖基中生长。牛津高阶〔microscope〕The bacteria were then examined under a/the microscope.随后把细菌放到显微镜下进行检查。牛津高阶〔moneran〕A member of the kingdom Monera (or Prokaryotae), comprising the prokaryotes and including all bacteria.原核生物：无核原生物（或原核生物）王国的一员，由原核生物组成，包括所有细菌美国传统〔monotrichous〕Having one flagellum at only one pole or end, as certain bacteria.单鞭毛的：只在一极或一端有一个鞭毛的，如某种细菌美国传统〔multiplied〕Is it possible to multiply bacteria in the laboratory?有可能在实验室繁殖细菌吗?21世纪英汉〔multiply〕Bacteria multiply quickly in warm food.细菌在温热的食物里繁殖得很快。朗文当代〔multiply〕Even a slight increase in temperature will cause bacteria to multiply very rapidly.即使是温度的略微上升都会导致细菌飞快地繁殖。麦克米伦高阶〔multiply〕Hot weather multiplys the bacteria in milk rapidly.炎热的天气使牛奶中的细菌迅速繁殖。英汉大词典〔multiply〕The bacteria multiply rapidly in warm, moist conditions.细菌在温暖潮湿的环境下繁殖迅速。韦氏高阶〔mutate〕Simple organisms like bacteria mutate rapidly.像细菌那样的简单有机体突变的速度很快。朗文当代〔mutate〕These bacteria have mutated into forms that are resistant to certain drugs.这些细菌已发生变异，对某些药物产生了抗药性。剑桥高阶〔mycelium〕A similar mass of fibers formed by certain bacteria.由某种细菌形成的类似的一束纤维美国传统〔nitrobacterium〕Any of various soil bacteria that take part in the nitrogen cycle, oxidizing ammonium compounds into nitrites or nitrites into nitrates.硝化细菌：一种参与氮环核，将氨的化合物氧化成亚硝酸盐或将亚硝酸盐氧化成硝酸盐的土壤细菌美国传统〔nitrogenase〕An enzyme of nitrogen-fixing bacteria that activates the conversion of nitrogen to ammonia.定氮酶：在固氮细菌中催化氮转化成氨的一种酶美国传统〔opsonin〕An antibody in blood serum that causes bacteria or other foreign cells to become more susceptible to the action of phagocytes.调整素：血清中的物质，可促进白血球的噬菌作用美国传统〔organic〕Bacteria act on organic waste .细菌作用于有机废物。朗文当代〔organism〕Amoebae and bacteria are single-celled organisms.变形虫和细菌是单细胞生物。剑桥高阶〔outwear〕These insects can outwear the bacteria.这些昆虫生长得比那些细菌还快。21世纪英汉〔penetration〕Cuts in the skin could permit the penetration of bacteria into the body.皮肤的伤口会导致细菌侵入体内。韦氏高阶〔penicillinase〕Any of various enzymes, produced by certain bacteria, that hydrolyze penicillin and are used in medicine to treat allergic reactions to penicillin.青霉素酶：一种由某种细菌产生的可使青霉素水解的酶，用作制对青霉素过敏的药物美国传统〔peritrichous〕Having flagella uniformly distributed over the body surface, as certain bacteria.有周毛的：身体周围有鞭毛的，如某些细菌美国传统〔petri dish〕A shallow circular dish with a loose-fitting cover, used to culture bacteria or other microorganisms.皮氏培养皿：一种带宽松盖子的浅圆盘，用来培养细菌或其他微生物美国传统〔phagocytosis〕The engulfing and ingestion of bacteria or other foreign bodies by phagocytes.吞噬作用，噬菌作用：吞噬细胞对细菌或其它异物的吞食和吸收美国传统〔photophore〕A light-producing organ found especially in marine fishes that emits light from specialized structures or derives light from symbiotic luminescent bacteria.发光器官：常在海洋鱼类身上发现的一个发光器官，可以从特殊的结构中散射光或是从共生的发冷光细菌中提取光美国传统〔plaque〕A clear, often round patch of lysed cells in an otherwise opaque layer of a bacteria or cell culture.空斑：一种透明的，常为圆形裂解细胞的斑，位于细菌或细胞培养物中全然不同且不透明的层中美国传统〔plaque〕A film of mucus and bacteria on a tooth surface.齿菌斑：牙齿表面一层粘液和细菌的膜美国传统〔polytrophic〕Subsisting on various types of organic material. Used of certain bacteria.广食性的：靠各种有机物质来生存的，用于某些细菌美国传统〔present〕Bacteria are naturally present in the environment.细菌自然存在于环境当中。牛津搭配〔present〕The chemicals obviously kill any bacteria present.这些化学制品显然能杀死存在的一切细菌。麦克米伦高阶〔range〕The drug is effective against a range of bacteria.这种药对一类细菌有效。朗文当代〔regularly〕Potentially dangerous bacteria are regularly sent from one laboratory to another.有潜在危险的细菌经常被从一个实验室传到另一个实验室。柯林斯高阶〔regulation〕Regulations require water authorities to test sea water for bacteria.条例规定水务部门应检测海水中是否含有细菌。牛津搭配〔reproduce〕Bacteria reproduce by splitting into two.细菌分裂而繁殖。英汉大词典〔respiration〕Any of various analogous metabolic processes by which certain organisms, such as fungi and anaerobic bacteria, obtain energy from organic molecules.呼吸作用：特定有机体从有机分子中获取能量的各种相似的新陈代谢过程，如真菌及厌氧细菌美国传统〔rot〕Any of several plant diseases characterized by the breakdown of tissue and caused by various bacteria or fungi.枯病：一种由各种细菌或霉菌引起的组织衰弱的植物病美国传统〔rubredoxin〕An electron-carrying protein associated with oxidation-reduction reactions in anaerobic bacteria and eukaryotic cells.红氧还蛋白：一种含电子的蛋白质，在某些厌氧菌和真核细胞中发生氧化还原反应美国传统〔scab〕Any of various plant diseases caused by fungi or bacteria and resulting in crustlike spots on fruit, leaves, or roots.疮痂病：真菌或细菌导致的植物病，常在果实、叶片或根上生有痂状斑点美国传统〔sealant〕A plastic resin used in dentistry to coat the chewing surfaces of the back teeth to prevent the growth of cavity-causing bacteria.密封填充物：一种塑料合成脂，修牙时用作后牙咀嚼面的加封层，来抑制导致虫牙细菌的生长美国传统〔septic tank〕A sewage-disposal tank in which a continuous flow of waste material is decomposed by anaerobic bacteria.化粪池：一种污水处理池，池中连续流动的粪便物质被厌氧微生物细菌分解美国传统〔sicken〕The bacteria in the drinking water sickened the whole village.饮用水里的细菌使整个村庄的人都生病了。韦氏高阶〔siderochrome〕Any of various chemical compounds that transport iron across cell membranes, as in bacteria.铁铬：一种可运载铁元素穿越细胞膜的化合物，如细菌中的美国传统〔sort〕Many sorts of bacteria are resistant to penicillin.有很多种细菌能抵抗青霉素。剑桥高阶〔sour cream〕Cream that has soured naturally by the action of lactic-acid bacteria, used in baking certain breads and cakes.酸奶油：由于乳酸菌的作用而自然发酵的奶油，用于烤制某些面包及蛋糕美国传统〔specimen〕If your urine specimen shows the presence of bacteria, you'll be prescribed antibiotics.如果你的尿样显示有细菌存在，医生会给你开抗生素。柯林斯高阶〔splice〕The genes could be spliced into the DNA of bacteria.基因可被接入细菌的DNA。外研社新世纪〔sterilize〕To make free from live bacteria or other microorganisms.消毒，使无菌：消除活细菌或其它微生物美国传统〔sulfatase〕Any of a group of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of sulfuric acid esters and are found in animal tissues and bacteria.硫酸酯酶：一种催化硫酸脂水解的酶，存在于动物组织中和细菌中美国传统〔superbug〕A strain of bacteria that is resistant to all antibiotics.超级细菌：能抵抗所有抗生素的一类细菌美国传统〔symbiosis〕He examines the link between bacteria, symbiosis, and the evolution of plants and animals.他仔细观察细菌、共生现象和动植物进化之间的联系。外研社新世纪〔symbiosis〕The bacteria exist in a symbiosis with the plant's roots.这种细菌与植物的根共生。韦氏高阶〔thermophilic〕Requiring high temperatures for normal development, as certain bacteria.嗜热的：正常发育所要求高温的，如某些细菌美国传统〔treatment〕A special treatment is used to kill bacteria in water.特殊的处理方式被用来杀灭水中的细菌。韦氏高阶〔unhygienic〕Parts of the shop were very dirty, unhygienic, and an ideal breeding ground for bacteria.店里的一些地方十分肮脏不洁，简直就是滋生细菌的理想温床。柯林斯高阶〔unwashed〕Dangerous bacteria can be spread by unwashed hands.危险的细菌会通过未洗的手传播。剑桥高阶〔virus〕Is the illness caused by bacteria or a virus? 这种病是细菌引起的还是病毒引起的？韦氏高阶〔wildlife〕The bacteria pose a real threat to wildlife.细菌确实会对野生生物构成威胁。牛津搭配〔zooglea〕An aggregate of bacteria forming a jellylike mass with cell walls swollen by the absorption of water or other fluid.菌胶闭：细菌的聚生，通过吸收水或其它液体而鼓胀，形成带有细胞壁的胶状块美国传统Bacteria are evolving resistance to antibiotics faster than new chemicals are being invented.细菌形成对抗生素的抵抗力的速度比新化学药品发明的速度还要快。剑桥国际Bacteria are too small to see with the naked eye. 细菌太小，肉眼看不见。译典通Bacteria in drinking water have spread the illness.饮水中的细菌传染了疾病。剑桥国际Bacteria multiply in warm conditions.细菌在温暖的环境中成倍繁殖。剑桥国际Bacteria were found in meat processed at the plant.在这家工厂加工的肉类中发现了细菌。牛津商务Amoebae and bacteria are single-celled organisms.变形虫和细菌是单细胞微生物。剑桥国际Antibodies seek out and bind with invading bacteria.抗体搜寻出侵入体内的细菌，并与之结合。剑桥国际Bacteriological warfare uses bacteria to cause death and disease in humans.细菌战利用细菌使人得病和死亡。剑桥国际Food must be heated to a high temperature to kill harmful bacteria.食物必须经高温加热杀灭有害的细菌。剑桥国际Food needs to be cooked at 70℃ to be sure of killing harmful bacteria such as listeria and salmonella.食物需要煮到摄氏70度以保证诸如李士德菌和沙门菌已被杀死。剑桥国际Hot weather multiplied the bacteria in the food rapidly. 炎热的天气使食品中的细菌迅速繁殖。译典通Illnesses caused by bacteria can often be treated with antibiotics.由细菌引起的疾病通常可由抗生素治疗。剑桥国际Meat, improperly handled, is a lethal carrier of bacteria. 未经适当处理的肉是危险的带菌物。译典通Research on insects suggests that bacteria play a vital part in animal evolution.对昆虫的研究表明，细菌在动物的演化过程中起着极为重要的作用。剑桥国际She warned that the drug is not a panacea and only kills some of the bacteria.她警告说这种药不是万灵的，它只能杀死一些细菌。剑桥国际Some bacteria can only live in anaerobic conditions.有些细菌只能在缺氧的条件下生存。剑桥国际The bacteria clumped together. 细菌结成一团。译典通The bacteria produce a toxin which induces convulsions and muscle spasms (= sudden uncontrollable tightening movements).这种病菌产生一种会诱发痉挛的毒素。剑桥国际The antibodies work by latching onto proteins on the surfaces of the viruses and bacteria.抗体缠住病毒和细菌表面的蛋白质而起作用。剑桥国际There are many different types/kinds of bacteria.有许多不同种类的细菌。剑桥国际These bacteria have a tough outer shell made of intertwined sugar molecules.这些细菌有由糖分子组成的坚硬外壳。剑桥国际These bacteria have mutated into forms that are resistant to certain drugs.这些细菌已突变成对某些药物有抵抗力的形态。剑桥国际These bacteria live in a soft, almost invisible, film called plaque which coats the teeth.这些细菌生活在一层柔软的、几乎看不见的覆盖在牙齿上被称为牙斑的薄膜中。剑桥国际This group of bacteria have the ability to change into a dormant form called a spore if the cell starts to run out of food.如果细胞开始缺少食物，这类细菌就能进入休眠状态，这称为孢子。剑桥国际This vaccine protects against some kinds of the bacteria which cause meningitis.这种疫苗用以抵抗一些引起脑膜炎的病菌。剑桥国际Yoghurt is obtained by fermenting milk with bacteria.酸乳酪是用细菌使牛奶发酵制成的。剑桥国际Yogurts contain live bacteria unless pasteurised for a second time after fermentation 酸奶含有活细菌除非发酵后第二次消毒。剑桥国际 |
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