| 单词 | 命题 |
| 释义 | DEFINITIVE EXAMPLES 权威例句〔Aristotelian logic〕The formal logic based on Aristotle's and dealing with the relations between propositions in terms of their form instead of their content.形式逻辑：以亚里士多德的理论为基础的形式逻辑，从形式而非内容上探讨命题之间的关系美国传统〔SHOW〕If A is false, does that also mean proposition B is false? 如果A是错误的，那么是否就意味着命题B也是错误的呢?朗文写作活用〔antecedent〕Logic The conditional member of a hypothetical proposition.【逻辑学】 前提，前提条件：假设命题中的条件美国传统〔bottom〕Find on what foundation the proposition bottoms.找出这个命题建立在什么基础上。21世纪英汉〔catechism〕A manual giving basic instruction in a subject, usually by rote or repetition.指导手册：关于某一命题的基础指导的手册，通常以背诵或重复方式学习使用美国传统〔conclusion〕The proposition concluded from one or more premises; a deduction.推论：从一个或多个前提得出的结论性命题；推断美国传统〔condition〕Logic A proposition on which another proposition depends; the antecedent of a conditional proposition.【逻辑学】 前提：为另外一命题所依赖的命题；先决条件美国传统〔conjunction〕The relationship between the components of a conjunction.复合命题中分子句间的关系美国传统〔conjunct〕Logic One of the components of a conjunction.【逻辑学】 合取支：合取式的一个命题美国传统〔contradiction〕Both parts of a contradiction cannot be true.矛盾命题的两部分不可能同时都成立。英汉大词典〔contradictory〕Either of two propositions related in such a way that it is impossible for both to be true or both to be false.矛盾命题：两个互相关联的不可能同为正确或错误的命题中的一个美国传统〔converse〕However, the converse of this theory may also be true.可是，该原理的逆命题也有可能成立。剑桥高阶〔converse〕Logic A proposition obtained by conversion.【逻辑学】 逆命题：通过换位得到的命题美国传统〔conversion〕Logic The interchange of the subject and predicate of a proposition.【逻辑学】 换位（法）：一个命题中主项和谓项的互换美国传统〔convert〕Logic To transform (a proposition) by conversion.【逻辑学】 转换：通过换位改变（一个命题）美国传统〔copula〕Logic The word or set of words that serves as a link between the subject and predicate of a proposition.【逻辑学】 联项：在一个命题的主项和谓项间起联系作用的词或词组美国传统〔corollary〕A proposition that follows with little or no proof required from one already proven.系定理：随着刚已证明的命题而来因而需要很少或不需证据而得的命题美国传统〔counterexample〕An example that refutes or disproves a hypothesis, proposition, or theorem.反例证：对某种假设、命题或定理进行反驳或推翻的例子美国传统〔debate〕A formal contest of argumentation in which two opposing teams defend and attack a given proposition.辩论比赛：在正式的辩论竞赛中，两个对立的队就一给定的命题进行辩论美国传统〔demonstrate〕It is easy to demonstrate the truth of this proposition.要证明该命题为真很容易。外研社新世纪〔disjunction〕Logic A proposition that presents two or more alternative terms, with the assertion that only one is true.【逻辑学】 析取命题，选言命题：一个命题，具有两个或两个以上可选项，其中只有一个是正确的美国传统〔disjunctive〕Of a proposition that presents two or more alternative terms.析取的，选言的：有两个或两个以上可供选择的析取命题的美国传统〔doctor〕We didn't doctor up the test to let anybody pass.我们并没有为了使谁考个及格而在命题时做手脚。英汉大词典〔hysteron proteron〕The logical fallacy of assuming as true and using as a premise a proposition that is yet to be proved.倒逆论法：一种把需要证明的命题推出的命题定为前提的逻辑上错误的论法美国传统〔lemma〕A subsidiary proposition assumed to be valid and used to demonstrate a principal proposition.引理，辅助定理：被认为是合理且被用于证明主要命题的次要命题美国传统〔massage〕The researchers massaged the data to support their thesis.为了给他们的命题找到依据,研究人员窜改了数据。英汉大词典〔member〕Logic A proposition of a syllogism.【逻辑学】 分子：三段论法中命题之一美国传统〔mode〕The arrangement or order of the propositions in a syllogism according to both quality and quantity.排序，论式：根据质量和数量安排或排列命题美国传统〔obversion〕Logic Inference of the obverse of a proposition.【逻辑学】 换质法：推导一个命题的方法美国传统〔obvert〕Logic To subject (a proposition) to obversion.【逻辑学】 用换质法说明（事物）：将一命题作换质处理美国传统〔particular〕Logic A particular proposition.【逻辑学】 特称命题美国传统〔position〕A principle or proposition posited.原则，前提：假定的原则或命题美国传统〔predicate〕Logic To make (a term or an expression) the predicate of a proposition.【逻辑学】 谓项，阐述：使（一个术语或表达）成为一命题的谓项美国传统〔premise〕A proposition upon which an argument is based or from which a conclusion is drawn.前提：可作为论据基础或可从中得出结论的命题美国传统〔premise〕Either the major or the minor proposition of a syllogism, from which the conclusion is drawn.（三段论中的）前提：三段论中得出结论的主要或次要的命题美国传统〔premise〕One of the propositions in a deductive argument.前提：演绎论证中的命题之一美国传统〔premise〕To state or assume as a proposition in an argument.假设，预设命题：在论证中做为一命题陈述或假设美国传统〔proof〕The validation of a proposition by application of specified rules, as of induction or deduction, to assumptions, axioms, and sequentially derived conclusions.证明：通过运用特定的规则对一个命题的证实，如运用演绎法和归纳法进行假设、推理，最后得出结论美国传统〔proposition〕A statement containing only logical constants and having a fixed truth-value.命题：只包含有逻辑常项及具固定真理的陈述美国传统〔proposition〕A statement in which the subject is affirmed or denied by the predicate.命题：主题被谓项证实或否定的陈述美国传统〔proposition〕If we accept proposition “A” as true, then we must accept proposition “B” as false.如果承认命题A为正确的，那么就必须承认命题B是错误的。韦氏高阶〔proposition〕Something that is expressed in a statement, as opposed to the way it is expressed.（命题中）相反的论述：在陈述中被表达出来的某事，如与被表达的方式相对的某事美国传统〔proposition〕They were debating the proposition that "All people are created equal".他们正就“人人生而平等”这一命题展开辩论。剑桥高阶〔prove〕To demonstrate the validity of (a hypothesis or proposition).验证：说明（一个假设或命题）的正确性美国传统〔quality〕Logic The positive or negative character of a proposition.【逻辑学】 命题的性质：命题的肯定或否定的性质美国传统〔quantity〕Logic The exact character of a proposition in reference to its universality, singularity, or particularity.【逻辑学】 （命题的）量：关于某一命题的普遍性、独特性或特殊性的正确属性美国传统〔question〕The exam questions are set by a team of experts.考试由一组专家命题。朗文当代〔quodlibet〕A theological or philosophical issue presented for formal argument or disputation.微妙的争论点：被提出来供正式争论或辩论的神学或哲学命题美国传统〔reductio ad absurdum〕Disproof of a proposition by showing the absurdity of its inevitable conclusion.归谬法：通过命题必然导致结论的荒诞性来证明命题的错误美国传统〔self-contradiction〕An idea or statement containing contradictory elements.自相矛盾的话语（或命题）：包含有自相矛盾因素的想法或陈述美国传统〔setter〕Who's the question-setter for the quiz night? 谁是问答比赛之夜的命题者？朗文当代〔subaltern〕Logic A subaltern proposition.【逻辑学】 特称命题美国传统〔subcontrary〕A proposition related to another in such a way that both may be true, but both cannot be false.小反对关系，下反对关系：两个命题有着这样的关系，即两者都可能正确或错误美国传统〔subject〕Logic The term of a proposition about which something is affirmed or denied.【逻辑学】 主词，主项，主概念：逻辑命题中的一个词，它表示肯定或否定的论题美国传统〔superior〕Logic Of wider or more comprehensive application; generic. Used of a term or proposition.【逻辑学】 包括范围更广的：属于更广阔、更广泛的应用的；通用的。用于一个术语或命题美国传统〔superordinate〕Logic Of or being the relation of a universal proposition to a particular proposition in which the terms are the same and occur in the same order.【逻辑学】 有高等逻辑关系的（指全称命题对特称命题的同称关系的）美国传统〔term〕Logic Each of the two concepts being compared or related in a proposition.【逻辑学】 项：一命题中相比较或相关的两个概念之一美国传统〔theorem〕Mathematics A proposition that has been or is to be proved on the basis of explicit assumptions.【数学】 定理：在已明晰的假设基础上已被证明或将被证明的命题美国传统〔thesis〕A hypothetical proposition, especially one put forth without proof.命题：尤指没有证据而提出的假设的论题美国传统〔thesis〕A proposition that is maintained by argument.论题：有争论性的命题美国传统〔thesis〕This thesis does not stand up to close inspection.这个命题经不起仔细推敲。柯林斯高阶〔truth table〕A table that displays the truth-value of a compound sentence as a function of the varying truth-values of its components.真值表：显示复合命题中各组成部分命题真假的表美国传统〔truth-function〕A compound proposition, such as a conjunction or negation, whose truth-value is always determined by the truth-values of the components.真值函数：其真值总是由成分真值决定的复合命题，如综合命题或否定命题美国传统〔truth-value〕The truth or falsity of a statement or sentence.真实值：叙述或命题的真假美国传统〔universal〕A universal proposition.全称命题美国传统〔universal〕Logic Encompassing all of the members of a class or group. Used of a proposition.【逻辑学】 全称的：包括类或群中所有的成员。用于命题美国传统It is possible, of course, that the converse of this theory may also be true.当然该原理的逆命题也有可能成立。剑桥国际Kate can run off a sonnet in half an hour on any subject you like.凯特可以在半个小时里根据你的命题作出一首十四行诗。剑桥国际The students' examinations are set by people outside their college.学生的考卷是由校外的人员命题的。剑桥国际 |
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