| 单词 | 减数分裂 |
| 释义 | DEFINITIVE EXAMPLES 权威例句〔anaphase〕The stage of mitosis and meiosis in which the chromosomes move to opposite ends of the nuclear spindle.细胞分裂后期：染色体向细胞核轴心相反一端移动的有丝分裂和减数分裂阶段美国传统〔apomixis〕Reproduction without meiosis or formation of gametes.无配生殖，无融合生殖：无须减数分裂或形成配子的繁殖美国传统〔apospory〕The development of a gametophyte directly from a sporophyte without the occurrence of meiosis or spore formation.无孢子形成，无孢子生殖，无孢子状态：没有经过减数分裂或孢子形成而直接由孢子体进行的配子体发育美国传统〔asynapsis〕The failure of homologous chromosomes to pair during meiosis.不联会：在减数分裂期间同源染色体不联会成对美国传统〔chiasmatypy〕The meiotic twisting between paired chromatids that produces chiasmata.交叉型：产生交叉的成对染色体之间的减数分裂弯曲美国传统〔crossing over〕The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes that occurs during meiosis and contributes to genetic variability.交换：一种发生在减数分裂期间的、有助于遗传变异的同源染色体之间的遗传物质的交换美国传统〔crossover〕A characteristic resulting from the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis.交换特征：由减数分裂期内同源染色体之间的遗传物质的交换而产生的特征美国传统〔disjunction〕Genetics The separation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis.【遗传学】 在减数分裂过程中同源染色体的分离美国传统〔gametocyte〕A cell from which gametes develop by meiotic division, especially a spermatocyte or an oocyte.配子母细胞，配子细胞：配偶子通过配子减数分裂而发展的细胞，尢指精母细胞或卵母细胞美国传统〔haplosis〕Reduction of the diploid number of chromosomes by one half during meiosis, resulting in the haploid number.减半作用：在减数分裂过程中染色体双倍体数目的减半而导致其变成单倍体数目美国传统〔heterotypic〕Biology Of, relating to, or being the reduction division of meiosis.【生物学】 变型的：处于成熟分裂时期的减数分裂部分的或与之相联系的美国传统〔interphase〕The stage of a cell between two successive mitotic or meiotic divisions.分裂间期：两个相继的有丝分裂或减数分裂之间的一个细胞形态美国传统〔metaphase〕The stage of mitosis and meiosis, following prophase and preceding anaphase, during which the chromosomes are aligned along the metaphase plate.中期：细胞核的有丝分裂和减数分裂阶段，发生于前期之后和后期之前，在此期间内染色体在中期板平面上定向排列美国传统〔nondisjunction〕The failure of paired chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate and go to different cells during meiosis.（染色体的）不分开，不分离：在减数分裂过程中，成对的染色体或同型的染色单体不分离到不同的细胞中美国传统〔ootid〕A haploid cell that results from the meiotic division of an oocyte and becomes a female gamete or an ovum.卵（子）细胞：由于卵母细胞减数分裂产生而后形成配子或卵细胞的单倍体细胞美国传统〔pachytene〕The third stage of the prophase of meiosis during which the homologous chromosomes become short and thick and divide into four distinct chromatids.粗线期：在同周期的染色体群变短变粗并分裂为四个不同的染色单体过程中减数分裂前期的第三个阶段美国传统〔parasexual〕Of, relating to, or involving a form of reproduction in which recombination of genes from different individuals occurs without meiosis and fertilization.准性的，拟有性的：属于、有关或包含一种来自各个体的基因重组时没有减数分裂和受精作用的生殖形式的美国传统〔reduce〕Biology To undergo meiosis.【生物学】 减数分裂美国传统〔segregation〕Genetics The separation of paired alleles especially during meiosis, so that the members of each pair of alleles appear in different gametes.【遗传学】 分离：成对等位基因的分离，尤指在减数分裂过程中的分离，结果为每对等位基因的成员出现在不同的配子中美国传统〔spermatid〕Any of the four haploid cells formed by meiosis in a male organism that develop into spermatozoa without further division.精细胞：雄性有机体中通过减数分裂产生的四个单倍体细胞之任何一个，无需经进一步的分裂就能发展成为精子美国传统〔spermatogenesis〕Formation and development of spermatozoa by meiosis and spermiogenesis.精子产生：通过减数分裂及精子发生过程的精子形成与发展美国传统〔spindle〕Biology The spindle-shaped achromatic structure, composed of microtubules, along which the chromosomes are distributed in mitosis and meiosis.【生物学】 纺锤体：一种由丝状因子组成的纺锤形的非染色质结构，在有丝分裂及减数分裂时染色体就沿其排列美国传统〔spireme〕The tangle of filaments that appears at the beginning of the prophase portion of meiosis or mitosis.染色质缠绕：减数分裂或有丝分裂前期开始时出现的细丝缠绕美国传统〔spore mother cell〕A cell that undergoes meiosis and usually produces four spores.母孢子体细胞：一种细胞，通常通过减数分裂产生四个孢子美国传统〔tetrad〕A group of four chromatids formed from each of a pair of homologous chromosomes that split longitudinally during the prophase of meiosis.四分体：一组来自减数分裂中相互垂直分裂的一对同源染色体的四个染色单体美国传统〔tetrasporangium〕A unicellular sporangium found in certain red algae in which four tetraspores are produced from meiosis.四分孢子囊：在某一红藻中发现的单细胞孢子，它在减数分裂中产生四个四分孢子美国传统〔zygotene〕The stage in prophase of meiosis during which homologous chromosomes become paired. 偶线期：减数分裂的前期阶段，在此期间异体同型的染色体配对美国传统 |
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